A 9-year-old boy is diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM). Which stage of Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development is the nurse addressing when teaching this client about insulin injections?
Autonomy.
Identity.
Industry.
Initiative.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A reason: Autonomy is not the stage of Erikson's theory of psychosocial development that the nurse is addressing when teaching this client about insulin injections. Autonomy is the stage that occurs from 18 months to 3 years of age, when the child develops a sense of independence and self-control. The conflict in this stage is between autonomy and shame and doubt. The nurse may address this stage when teaching the client's parents about how to support their child's autonomy and avoid overprotection or criticism.
Choice B reason: Identity is not the stage of Erikson's theory of psychosocial development that the nurse is addressing when teaching this client about insulin injections. Identity is the stage that occurs from 12 to 18 years of age, when the adolescent develops a sense of self and personal identity. The conflict in this stage is between identity and role confusion. The nurse may address this stage when teaching the client about how to cope with the psychosocial challenges of having a chronic condition and how to maintain a positive self-image and self-esteem.
Choice C reason: Industry is the stage of Erikson's theory of psychosocial development that the nurse is addressing when teaching this client about insulin injections. Industry is the stage that occurs from 6 to 11 years of age, when the child develops a sense of competence and achievement. The conflict in this stage is between industry and inferiority. The nurse may address this stage when teaching the client about how to manage their diabetes and how to acquire the skills and knowledge needed for self-care and health promotion.
Choice D reason: Initiative is not the stage of Erikson's theory of psychosocial development that the nurse is addressing when teaching this client about insulin injections. Initiative is the stage that occurs from 3 to 6 years of age, when the child develops a sense of initiative and creativity. The conflict in this stage is between initiative and guilt. The nurse may address this stage when teaching the client about how to express their feelings and opinions about their diabetes and how to participate in decision-making and problem-solving.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Autonomy is not the stage of Erikson's theory of psychosocial development that the nurse is addressing when teaching this client about insulin injections. Autonomy is the stage that occurs from 18 months to 3 years of age, when the child develops a sense of independence and self-control. The conflict in this stage is between autonomy and shame and doubt. The nurse may address this stage when teaching the client's parents about how to support their child's autonomy and avoid overprotection or criticism.
Choice B reason: Identity is not the stage of Erikson's theory of psychosocial development that the nurse is addressing when teaching this client about insulin injections. Identity is the stage that occurs from 12 to 18 years of age, when the adolescent develops a sense of self and personal identity. The conflict in this stage is between identity and role confusion. The nurse may address this stage when teaching the client about how to cope with the psychosocial challenges of having a chronic condition and how to maintain a positive self-image and self-esteem.
Choice C reason: Industry is the stage of Erikson's theory of psychosocial development that the nurse is addressing when teaching this client about insulin injections. Industry is the stage that occurs from 6 to 11 years of age, when the child develops a sense of competence and achievement. The conflict in this stage is between industry and inferiority. The nurse may address this stage when teaching the client about how to manage their diabetes and how to acquire the skills and knowledge needed for self-care and health promotion.
Choice D reason: Initiative is not the stage of Erikson's theory of psychosocial development that the nurse is addressing when teaching this client about insulin injections. Initiative is the stage that occurs from 3 to 6 years of age, when the child develops a sense of initiative and creativity. The conflict in this stage is between initiative and guilt. The nurse may address this stage when teaching the client about how to express their feelings and opinions about their diabetes and how to participate in decision-making and problem-solving.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Enalapril is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor that is used to treat heart failure in infants. It lowers blood pressure and reduces the workload of the heart. Enalapril is not contraindicated in this scenario and does not need to be withheld.
Choice B reason: Digoxin is a cardiac glycoside that is used to treat heart failure and arrhythmias in infants. It increases the contractility of the heart and slows down the heart rate. Digoxin has a narrow therapeutic range and can cause toxicity if the dose is too high or the infant is dehydrated. Digoxin should be withheld if the infant's apical pulse is less than 90 beats/minute, which is the case in this scenario. The nurse should notify the health care provider and monitor the infant for signs of digoxin toxicity, such as nausea, vomiting, bradycardia, and visual disturbances.
Choice C reason: Hydralazine is a vasodilator that is used to treat hypertension and heart failure in infants. It lowers blood pressure and reduces the afterload of the heart. Hydralazine is not contraindicated in this scenario and does not need to be withheld.
Choice D reason: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that is used to treat fluid overload and edema in infants with heart failure. It lowers blood pressure and reduces the preload of the heart. Furosemide is not contraindicated in this scenario and does not need to be withheld
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