A charge nurse in a newborn nursery is providing information to a group of nurses about risk factors for hypoglycemia. Which of the following risk factors should the charge nurse include? (Select all that apply.)

Maternal diabetes

Prematurity

Hypothermia

Thrombocytopenia

Anemia

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,C

Rationale:

A. Maternal diabetes: Infants born to diabetic mothers are at increased risk for hypoglycemia due to elevated insulin levels stimulated by maternal hyperglycemia. After birth, the abrupt loss of maternal glucose can lead to a rapid drop in the infant’s blood sugar.

B. Prematurity: Premature infants have limited glycogen stores and immature metabolic systems, making them more susceptible to hypoglycemia. Their inability to effectively regulate glucose levels increases their risk after birth.

C. Hypothermia: Cold stress increases metabolic demands and glucose consumption. As the infant uses more energy to maintain body temperature, blood glucose levels can drop rapidly if not closely monitored and managed.

D. Thrombocytopenia: Low platelet counts may indicate other underlying conditions but are not directly associated with hypoglycemia. It is more relevant to clotting and bleeding risks rather than glucose regulation.

E. Anemia: Anemia affects oxygen-carrying capacity but does not have a direct link to blood glucose control. While it may indicate other health issues, it is not a recognized independent risk factor for neonatal hypoglycemia.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Rationale:

A. "You are feeling anxious now; why don't you give it some time before making a final decision?": This minimizes the client’s current emotional distress and does not address the seriousness of the statement. It may come across as dismissive rather than therapeutic.

B. "You should talk with your family members before making this decision.": Although involving family in major decisions can be helpful, the focus should be on the client's feelings and wishes first.

C. "I will discuss this with your primary health care provider, and we can discuss this more tomorrow.": Deferring the conversation may delay support for someone expressing emotional exhaustion and possible suicidal ideation. Prompt intervention is essential in these situations.

D. "Let me refer you to talk to someone regarding your treatment options.": This response acknowledges the client's emotional state while also offering a supportive and appropriate next step. It opens access to counseling or mental health services and helps the client explore options without judgment.

A. Polydipsia B. Tremors C. Acetone breath odor D. Inability to concentrate E. Diaphoresis

Correct Answer is ["B","D","E"]

Explanation

Rationale:

A. Polydipsia: Polydipsia, or excessive thirst, is commonly associated with hyperglycemia due to osmotic diuresis caused by high blood glucose levels. It is not a typical feature of hypoglycemia.

B. Tremors: Tremors are a hallmark symptom of hypoglycemia. They result from the body's adrenergic (sympathetic) response to low blood glucose levels, which triggers the release of epinephrine to raise glucose.

C. Acetone breath odor: A fruity or acetone breath odor is associated with diabetic ketoacidosis, a complication of hyperglycemia, not hypoglycemia. It indicates ketone buildup due to fat metabolism in the absence of insulin.

D. Inability to concentrate: Cognitive impairment, such as confusion or difficulty concentrating, is a neurological symptom of hypoglycemia. The brain relies heavily on glucose, and low levels affect its function quickly.

E. Diaphoresis: Sweating is a common autonomic symptom of hypoglycemia due to activation of the sympathetic nervous system. It often occurs early in a hypoglycemic episode and is a critical sign to monitor.

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A charge nurse in a newborn nursery is providing information to a group of nurses about risk factors for hypoglycemia. Which of the following risk factors should the charge nurse include? (Select all that apply.)

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Explanation

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Explanation

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