A client has an important presentation to make in 4 hours, and he needs relief from the congestion of seasonal rhinitis. The client calls the nurse, explains the situation, and tells the nurse that he cannot afford to be drowsy.
What medication is most likely to meet this client’s needs?
Loratadine.
Diphenhydramine.
Hydroxyzine.
Dexchlorpheniramine.
The Correct Answer is A
Loratadine is a second-generation antihistamine that does not cause drowsiness or sedation as a common side effect. It can relieve the symptoms of seasonal rhinitis such as sneezing, runny nose, and itching.
Choice B. Diphenhydramine is wrong because it is a first-generation antihistamine that can cause drowsiness or sedation as a common side effect.
It can also cause dry mouth, blurred vision, and urinary retention.
Choice C. Hydroxyzine is wrong because it is also a first-generation antihistamine that can cause drowsiness or sedation as a common side effect.
It can also cause dry mouth, blurred vision, and urinary retention.
It is mainly used for anxiety and itching.
Choice D. Dexchlorphen
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
This is because aprepitant can cause dehydration as an adverse effect, so the nurse will want to encourage the client to drink as much liquid as possible.
Choice A is wrong because the client’s temperature would not be affected by aprepitant.
Choice B is wrong because the client must be encouraged for fluid intake as tolerated, so placing an NPO sign on the door would not be appropriate for this client.
Choice D is wrong because elevating the head of the bed would be unnecessary for a client receiving aprepitant.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
This is because cortisol exhibits a proper 24-h circadian rhythm that affects the cardiovascular system and other organs. Cortisol levels are normally low at the beginning of sleep and high at the moment of awakening. Taking corticosteroids at this time mimics the natural cortisol rhythm and may reduce side effects such as adrenal suppression, sleep disturbances and cardiovascular complications.
Choice A is wrong because taking corticosteroids at 08:00 may not coincide with the client’s natural cortisol peak and may cause insomnia or unpleasant dreams.
Choice B is wrong because taking corticosteroids at 22:00 may disrupt the client’s sleep quality and increase the risk of nocturnal hypertension.
Choice D is wrong because taking corticosteroids at 16:00 may interfere with the client’s natural cortisol decline and cause hyperglycemia or dyslipidemia.
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