A client has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and right-sided heart failure. Which statement by the nurse is correct?
"Eat six small meals a day to limit oxygen needs."
"Increase the intake of protein to decrease intravascular hydrostatic pressure."
"Drink large amounts of fluid to help liquefy secretions."
"Lie down after eating to conserve energy needed for digestion."
The Correct Answer is A
A. Eating six small meals a day prevents excessive oxygen demand during digestion and reduces bloating, which can impair breathing.
B. Protein intake is important, but it does not directly impact intravascular hydrostatic pressure in a way that would help with COPD and right-sided heart failure.
C. While adequate hydration is necessary, excessive fluid intake can worsen right-sided heart failure by increasing fluid retention and edema.
D. Lying down after eating can worsen dyspnea and lead to reflux, which is not advisable for COPD patients.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is {"A":{"answers":"B"},"B":{"answers":"A"},"C":{"answers":"B"},"D":{"answers":"B"}}
Explanation
- Obtain intravenous (IV) access: IV access is necessary for administering medications, fluids, and emergency interventions.
- Obtain the client's family history: While family history is important for long-term cardiac risk assessment, it is not a priority in the acute phase of chest pain management.
- Apply continuous ECG monitoring: Continuous ECG monitoring is critical for detecting arrhythmias, ischemic changes, and potential myocardial infarction (MI).
- Administer O₂ to maintain oxygen saturation greater than 90%: Oxygen therapy is indicated in clients with suspected MI if their oxygen saturation is below 90% to prevent further myocardial ischemia.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Increased mucus production blocking the alveoli is incorrect. While mucus production can be an issue in COPD, it is more characteristic of chronic bronchitis rather than emphysema.
B. Infections decreasing ventilation is incorrect. Although infections can worsen emphysema symptoms, they are not the primary cause of chronic hypoxia in these clients.
C. Lack of adequate surface area for aeration is correct. Emphysema leads to alveolar destruction and loss of elasticity, reducing the surface area available for gas exchange, which causes chronic hypoxia.
D. Inflammation of the bronchioles decreasing breathing capacity is incorrect. While airway inflammation is seen in conditions like asthma and chronic bronchitis, emphysema is primarily characterized by alveolar damage rather than airway inflammation.
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