A client has recently undergone a kidney transplant.
Which of the following diet and activity recommendations should the nurse provide?
Avoid contact sports.
Decrease protein intake.
Add magnesium supplements.
Consume a high-sodium diet.
Avoid grapefruit.
Limit fluid intake.
Correct Answer : A,C,F
Choice A rationale
Post-kidney transplant, immunosuppressive medications are crucial to prevent rejection, which also compromises the immune system. Engaging in contact sports significantly increases the risk of direct trauma to the transplanted kidney, potentially causing injury or rupture, which could necessitate re-transplantation or lead to graft loss.
Choice E rationale
Grapefruit contains furanocoumarins, compounds that inhibit the cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) enzyme system in the liver and intestines. Many immunosuppressants, like calcineurin inhibitors (e.g., cyclosporine, tacrolimus), are metabolized by CYP3A4. Inhibition of this enzyme can lead to increased drug concentrations and elevated risk of toxicity.
Choice F rationale
Fluid restriction post-kidney transplant may be necessary, particularly in the immediate postoperative period or if the patient experiences fluid overload or delayed graft function. Excessive fluid intake could contribute to hypertension or pulmonary edema, complicating recovery and potentially stressing the newly transplanted kidney.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["0.25"]
Explanation
Step 1 is to convert the child's weight from pounds to kilograms:. 13.2 lbs ÷ 2.2 lbs/kg = 6 kg.
Step 2 is to calculate the ordered dose in mg:. 25 mcg = 0.025 mg.
Step 3 is to calculate the volume to be drawn up for a single dose:. 0.025 mg ÷ (0.1 mg/mL) = 0.25 mL.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Allowing a client at risk for suicide to nap with the door closed poses a significant safety concern. This practice eliminates direct visual observation, which is paramount in suicide prevention. The closed door creates an opportunity for the client to engage in self-harm behaviors unobserved, increasing the risk of a successful suicide attempt by removing immediate intervention capabilities.
Choice B rationale
While distraction can be therapeutic, allowing a client on suicide precautions to engage in crafts in their room unobserved introduces potential risks. Craft materials, if not carefully monitored and selected, could be used as instruments for self-harm. Maintaining constant, direct observation, even during seemingly benign activities, is crucial to prevent access to means for suicide.
Choice C rationale
Providing headphones for relaxing music, while potentially calming, can compromise auditory monitoring of a client on suicide precautions. The headphones can obscure sounds that might indicate distress, agitation, or self-harm attempts. Direct sensory observation, including listening for abnormal sounds, is a critical component of ensuring continuous safety and prompt intervention.
Choice D rationale
Rounding and visualizing the client every 15 minutes is a fundamental suicide precaution intervention. This frequent, direct observation allows for continuous assessment of the client's behavior, mood, and immediate environment. It minimizes opportunities for self-harm by providing consistent monitoring and enables timely intervention if any concerning signs or actions are detected, ensuring client safety.
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