1 month ago:
Heart rate 78/min.
Respiratory rate 20/min.
Pulse oximetry 100% on room air.
Blood pressure: 130/80 mm Hg (left arm).
Height 154.9 cm (61 inches).
Weight 42.2 kg (93 Ib).
Today:
Heart rate 75/min.
Respiratory rate 18/min.
Pulse oximetry 98% on room air.
Blood pressure: 148/88 left arm.
Height 154.9 cm (61 inches).
Weight 44.5 kg (98 Ib).
Calculate the change in pulse oximetry
The Correct Answer is ["-2"]
Step 1 is to calculate the change in blood pressure. Change in systolic blood pressure = 148 mm Hg - 130 mm Hg = 18 mm Hg. Change in diastolic blood pressure = 88 mm Hg - 80 mm Hg = 8 mm Hg.
Step 2 is to calculate the change in weight. Change in weight = 44.5 kg - 42.2 kg = 2.3 kg.
Step 3 is to calculate the change in pulse oximetry. Change in pulse oximetry = 98% - 100% = -2%.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
The copper intrauterine device (IUD) is a highly effective, long-acting reversible contraceptive option that does not contain hormones. It works by releasing copper ions, which create an inflammatory reaction in the uterus, toxic to sperm and eggs, thus preventing fertilization and implantation. Its mechanism is entirely non-hormonal, meeting the client's request.
Choice B rationale
A cervical ring, often referring to a vaginal ring like the NuvaRing, releases hormones (estrogen and progestin) to prevent ovulation. This contradicts the client's request for a hormone-free method of contraception. Hormonal methods work by altering the menstrual cycle and preventing the release of an egg.
Choice C rationale
A cervical cap is a barrier method that requires the use of spermicide to be effective. While it is hormone-free, it is not considered "easy to use" as it requires precise placement over the cervix before each act of intercourse and removal afterward, often necessitating practice for proper insertion and fit.
Choice D rationale
A diaphragm is a barrier method that, similar to a cervical cap, requires the use of spermicide for efficacy. It must be inserted before intercourse and left in place for several hours afterward. This method, while hormone-free, is not considered "easy to use" due to the dexterity and understanding required for proper placement and removal.
Correct Answer is ["A","C","F"]
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Post-kidney transplant, immunosuppressive medications are crucial to prevent rejection, which also compromises the immune system. Engaging in contact sports significantly increases the risk of direct trauma to the transplanted kidney, potentially causing injury or rupture, which could necessitate re-transplantation or lead to graft loss.
Choice E rationale
Grapefruit contains furanocoumarins, compounds that inhibit the cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) enzyme system in the liver and intestines. Many immunosuppressants, like calcineurin inhibitors (e.g., cyclosporine, tacrolimus), are metabolized by CYP3A4. Inhibition of this enzyme can lead to increased drug concentrations and elevated risk of toxicity.
Choice F rationale
Fluid restriction post-kidney transplant may be necessary, particularly in the immediate postoperative period or if the patient experiences fluid overload or delayed graft function. Excessive fluid intake could contribute to hypertension or pulmonary edema, complicating recovery and potentially stressing the newly transplanted kidney.
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