A client is admitted to the Emergency Department (ED) after ingesting a large amount of diazepam. Which medication would the nurse expect the ED physician to order?
Flumazenil
Chlorpromazine
Lithium carbonate
Methadone
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A Reason:
Flumazenil is a benzodiazepine receptor antagonist used to reverse the effects of benzodiazepines like diazepam. It works by competitively inhibiting the action of benzodiazepines at the GABA receptor, thereby reversing sedation and other effects. Flumazenil is typically administered in cases of benzodiazepine overdose to counteract the sedative effects and restore normal respiratory function. However, it should be used cautiously as it can precipitate withdrawal and seizures in patients with long-term benzodiazepine use.
Choice B Reason:
Chlorpromazine is an antipsychotic medication primarily used to treat schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders. It is not indicated for the treatment of benzodiazepine overdose. Chlorpromazine works by blocking dopamine receptors in the brain, which helps to manage symptoms of psychosis but does not counteract the effects of benzodiazepines. Therefore, it would not be an appropriate choice in this scenario.
Choice C Reason:
Lithium carbonate is a mood stabilizer commonly used in the treatment of bipolar disorder. It helps to reduce the severity and frequency of mania and can also help to relieve or prevent bipolar depression. Lithium does not have any antagonistic effects on benzodiazepines and is not used in the treatment of benzodiazepine overdose. Thus, it would not be the correct medication to administer in this case.
Choice D Reason:
Methadone is a long-acting opioid used for pain management and as part of medication-assisted treatment for opioid use disorder. It works by binding to the same receptors in the brain as other opioids, helping to reduce withdrawal symptoms and cravings. Methadone does not counteract the effects of benzodiazepines and is not used in the treatment of benzodiazepine overdose. Therefore, it would not be an appropriate choice in this scenario.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","B","E"]
Explanation
Choice A Reason:
The statement “It is okay to eat dessert with my dinner every night” indicates a need for re-teaching. Diet plays a significant role in the risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease. Consuming high amounts of sugar and unhealthy fats can increase the risk of developing conditions like diabetes and cardiovascular disease, which are linked to a higher risk of Alzheimer’s. A balanced diet, such as the Mediterranean or MIND diet, which emphasizes fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and healthy fats, is recommended to reduce the risk.
Choice B Reason:
The statement “I have less to worry about because I am a female” is incorrect and indicates a need for re-teaching. In fact, women are at a higher risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease compared to men. This increased risk is partly due to women living longer than men, but even after accounting for longevity, women still have a higher incidence of Alzheimer’s. Therefore, it is crucial for females to be aware of their risk and take preventive measures.
Choice C Reason:
The statement “I can speak with my healthcare provider about genetic testing” does not indicate a need for re-teaching. Genetic testing can provide valuable information about one’s risk for Alzheimer’s disease, especially if there is a family history of the condition. While routine genetic testing is not generally recommended for everyone, discussing it with a healthcare provider can help individuals understand their risk and make informed decisions about their health.
Choice D Reason:
The statement “I need to make sure to take my blood pressure medication daily” is correct and does not indicate a need for re-teaching. Controlling blood pressure is crucial in reducing the risk of Alzheimer’s disease. High blood pressure, particularly in midlife, is a significant risk factor for cognitive decline and Alzheimer’s. Therefore, taking blood pressure medication as prescribed is an important preventive measure.
Choice E Reason:
The statement “I do not have time in my schedule to add a daily walk” indicates a need for re-teaching. Regular physical activity is one of the most effective ways to reduce the risk of Alzheimer’s disease. Exercise improves blood flow to the brain, reduces inflammation, and promotes the growth of new brain cells. Incorporating physical activity, such as a daily walk, into one’s routine is essential for maintaining cognitive health and reducing the risk of Alzheimer’s.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice B Reason: Assess for environmental triggers and potential unmet needs.
Choice A Reason:
Consulting the interdisciplinary team regarding behavior modification techniques is important for long-term management of behavioral problems in clients with major neurocognitive disorder. However, it is not the immediate priority when a client is exhibiting acute behavioral escalation. Immediate assessment and intervention are necessary to address the current situation and ensure the client’s safety.
Choice B Reason:
Assessing for environmental triggers and potential unmet needs is the priority in this scenario. Clients with major neurocognitive disorder often exhibit behavioral problems due to unmet needs or environmental factors that they cannot communicate effectively. Identifying and addressing these triggers can help de-escalate the situation and prevent further agitation. This approach aligns with evidence-based practice, which emphasizes understanding the underlying causes of behavioral issues to provide appropriate interventions.
Choice C Reason:
Assessing for potential injury to the client’s arms, legs, and back is crucial, especially if the client is on the ground and exhibiting aggressive behavior. However, this assessment should follow the initial step of identifying and addressing environmental triggers and unmet needs. Ensuring the client’s immediate safety by understanding the cause of their behavior is the first priority.
Choice D Reason:
Anticipating the behavior and physically restraining the client when pacing begins is not recommended as the first line of action. Physical restraint should be a last resort due to the potential for causing harm and increasing the client’s agitation. Instead, non-pharmacological interventions, such as identifying triggers and unmet needs, should be prioritized to manage the behavior safely and effectively.
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