A client is admitted to the hospital with a prerenal disorder, a nonurologic condition that disrupts renal blood flow to the nephrons, affecting their filtering ability. One cause of prerenal acute kidney injury is:

Polycystic disease

Anaphylactic shock

Ureteral stricture

Kidney stone

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Polycystic disease is an intrinsic (renal) disorder affecting kidney tissue directly, not a prerenal cause.
B. Anaphylactic shock causes severe hypotension, reducing renal perfusion, making it a prerenal cause of acute kidney injury.
C. Ureteral stricture is a postrenal condition, causing obstruction to urine flow.
D. Kidney stone is also a postrenal cause due to urinary tract obstruction.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. RBC count may be low in clients with kidney disease due to decreased erythropoietin, but it is not immediately affected by dialysis.
B. Calcium levels may fluctuate but are generally managed with supplements and are not reliably decreased by dialysis.
C. Potassium is effectively reduced by hemodialysis, which is a key goal in clients with hyperkalemia.
D. Protein levels are not significantly affected by dialysis sessions, though protein loss can occur over time.

A. "As a female, you have more E. coli in your gastrointestinal system that can enter the bladder through your urethra B. "If you take too many showers you are more susceptible to getting a UTI because you are washing off the protective bacteria" C. "As a female, you have a shorter urethra creating an easier way for bacteria to invade your bladder. D. "At your age, you have more sexual intercourse than older females making you more likely to get a UTI

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. While E. coli is the most common causative organism, the reason women are more prone to UTIs is not due to higher E. coli presence but anatomical differences.
B. Frequent showers are not a primary cause of UTIs; poor hygiene or incorrect wiping technique is more relevant.
C. Women have a shorter urethra, which allows bacteria quicker access to the bladder, increasing the risk for UTIs — this is the correct and evidence-based explanation.
D. While sexual activity can increase UTI risk, this explanation is overly generalized and age-related assumptions are inappropriate.

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A client is admitted to the hospital with a prerenal disorder, a nonurologic condition that disrupts renal blood flow to the nephrons, affecting their filtering ability. One cause of prerenal acute kidney injury is:

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is reviewing the laboratory data of a client following a hemodialysis treatment. The nurse should expect to find a decrease in which of the following laboratory values?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is assessing a female client in the clinic. The client reports foul-smelling urine and pain with urination. The client states, "1 bet I have a UTI. Why do I tend to get urinary tract infections?" Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the explanation?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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