What is the term for an excess of urea and other nitrogenous wastes in the blood as a result of kidney insufficiency?
Azotemia.
Uremia.
Anuria.
Oliguria.
The Correct Answer is B
Uremia is a condition where there is an excess of urea and other nitrogenous wastes in the blood, usually excreted by the kidneys into the urine. It occurs when the kidneys stop filtering toxins out through your urine and can be a sign of end-stage renal (kidney) disease.
Choice A is wrong because azotemia is the buildup of nitrogen waste products in the blood, not urea.
Choice C is wrong because anuria is the absence or reduction of urine output.
Choice D is wrong because oliguria is the low output of urine.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Hyponatremia is a condition where the serum sodium level is below 135 mEq/L, which can affect the normal functioning of cells, muscles, and organs.
Administering intravenous fluids with a high sodium content can help restore the sodium balance and prevent complications such as confusion, seizures, and coma.
Choice A is wrong because encouraging the patient to consume a low-sodium diet would worsen the hyponatremia and increase the risk of electrolyte imbalance.
Choice C is wrong because administering a diuretic medication to increase urine output would cause further fluid and sodium loss and exacerbate the hyponatremia.
Choice D is wrong because encouraging the patient to increase fluid intake would dilute the sodium concentration and lower the serum sodium level.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
The correct answer is choice A. Daily weight.
According to MDCalc, daily weight is the most accurate indicator of fluid loss or gain in acutely ill patients, as it reflects changes in total body water.
A weight change of 1 kg corresponds to a fluid change of approximately 1 L.
Choice B is wrong because intake and output measurements can be inaccurate or incomplete, and do not account for insensible fluid losses.
Choice C is wrong because serum osmolality reflects the concentration of solutes in the blood, not the volume of fluid.
Choice D is wrong because urine specific gravity reflects the concentration of solutes in the urine, not the volume of fluid.
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