A client is diagnosed with a large kidney stone that is not passing spontaneously. The nurse should anticipate that which procedure may be recommended to remove the stone?

Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL)

Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL)

Ureteroscopy with laser lithotripsy

Cystoscopy with stent placement

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) is typically used for smaller stones that can be broken up into smaller fragments and passed more easily. It is not usually recommended for large stones.

B. This is the correct answer. Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is a procedure used to remove larger kidney stones. It involves making a small incision in the back and inserting a nephroscope to directly visualize and remove the stone.

C. Ureteroscopy with laser lithotripsy is used for stones in the ureter, not in the kidney itself.

D. Cystoscopy with stent placement is used for conditions involving the lower urinary tract, such as the urethra and bladder, and is not typically used to remove kidney stones.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Uric acid stones may cause pain, but they do not typically present with costovertebral angle tenderness. Uric acid stones are more likely to be associated with gout and hyperuricemia.

B. Calcium oxalate stones are common and can cause pain, but they do not typically cause costovertebral angle tenderness. They are more likely to cause localized pain in the back or side.

C. This is the correct answer. Struvite stones, also known as infection stones, can cause severe pain that radiates to the back and lower abdomen. They are often associated with urinary tract infections, and the presence of an infection can lead to costovertebral angle tenderness.

D. Cystine stones are rare and are more likely to cause chronic, dull pain rather than sudden and severe pain with tenderness.

A. Increasing the excretion of uric acid B. Reducing the excretion of calcium in the urine C. Increasing the pH of the urine D. Dissolving existing kidney stones

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Thiazide diuretics do not directly increase the excretion of uric acid. They are primarily used to reduce calcium excretion and prevent the formation of calcium-based stones.

B. This is the correct answer. Thiazide diuretics help reduce the excretion of calcium in the urine, which can be beneficial in preventing the formation of certain types of kidney stones, particularly calcium oxalate stones.

C. Thiazide diuretics do not directly increase the pH of the urine. They primarily reduce calcium excretion.

D. Thiazide diuretics do not dissolve existing kidney stones. They are used to prevent stone formation, not to treat existing stones.

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A client is diagnosed with a large kidney stone that is not passing spontaneously. The nurse should anticipate that which procedure may be recommended to remove the stone?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A client with a history of kidney stones is prescribed thiazide diuretics. The nurse should recognize that these medications help prevent stone formation by:

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A client with recurrent kidney stones is prescribed thiazide diuretics. The nurse should recognize that these medications help prevent stone formation by:

A nurse is caring for a client who had a kidney stone removed through percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). The nurse should closely monitor the client for which potential complication?

A nurse is teaching a client with a history of struvite stones about dietary modifications to prevent stone recurrence. Which instruction should the nurse include in the client's plan of care?

A nurse is caring for a client with struvite stones. Which dietary recommendation should the nurse include in the client's plan of care?

A nurse is providing education to a client who has been diagnosed with renal calculus. Which lifestyle factor is the nurse most likely to address to reduce the risk of kidney stones?

A client with a history of renal calculus is prescribed potassium citrate. Which of the following is the primary purpose of this medication?

A nurse is caring for a client with a history of recurrent kidney stones. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the client's discharge teaching to help prevent stone formation?

A nurse is providing discharge education to a client who had a calcium oxalate stone. Which dietary modification should the nurse include in the client's plan of care?