A client is diagnosed with a large kidney stone that is not passing spontaneously. The nurse should anticipate that which procedure may be recommended to remove the stone?
Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL)
Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL)
Ureteroscopy with laser lithotripsy
Cystoscopy with stent placement
The Correct Answer is B
A. Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) is typically used for smaller stones that can be broken up into smaller fragments and passed more easily. It is not usually recommended for large stones.
B. This is the correct answer. Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is a procedure used to remove larger kidney stones. It involves making a small incision in the back and inserting a nephroscope to directly visualize and remove the stone.
C. Ureteroscopy with laser lithotripsy is used for stones in the ureter, not in the kidney itself.
D. Cystoscopy with stent placement is used for conditions involving the lower urinary tract, such as the urethra and bladder, and is not typically used to remove kidney stones.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. This is not entirely accurate. While family history can be a risk factor for kidney stones, there are still preventive measures that individuals can take to reduce their risk.
B. Avoiding all calcium-rich foods and beverages is not recommended for preventing kidney stones. In fact, adequate dietary calcium from food sources is generally beneficial for kidney health and may help reduce the risk of certain types of stones.
C. This is the correct answer. Maintaining a healthy weight and drinking plenty of water are important lifestyle factors that can help reduce the risk of kidney stones. Adequate hydration helps prevent the concentration of minerals in the urine, reducing the likelihood of stone formation.
D. Surgery is not the only treatment option for kidney stones. Depending on the size and type of stone, other treatment options, such as lithotripsy or medication, may be considered.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Limiting fluid intake to 1 liter per day is not recommended to prevent kidney stone formation. Adequate hydration is essential to
help prevent stone formation, as it helps dilute the urine and reduce the concentration of minerals that can lead to stone formation.
B. Decreasing dietary fiber intake is not a preventive measure for kidney stones. In fact, increasing dietary fiber intake can be beneficial for overall health.
C. Reducing calcium intake from all sources is not recommended to prevent kidney stones. In some cases, reducing dietary calcium intake can actually increase the risk of certain types of kidney stones.
D. This is the correct answer. Increasing citric acid intake can help prevent certain types of kidney stones, such as calcium oxalate stones. Citric acid helps to bind calcium in the urine, reducing the risk of stone formation. Citric acid can be found in citrus fruits and juices, and the nurse may advise the client to include more of these foods in their diet.
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