A client with renal calculus presents to the clinic with severe pain. The nurse notes that the client is restless, pacing, and unable to find a comfortable position. Which additional symptom is the client most likely to report?

Fever and chills

Blood in the urine

Difficulty starting the urine stream

Frequent urge to urinate

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Fever and chills are more commonly associated with a urinary tract infection, which can sometimes be a complication of kidney stones. However, the severe pain described is more likely related to the presence of the stone itself.

B. This is the correct answer. Blood in the urine, also known as hematuria, is a common symptom of kidney stones. As the stone moves through the urinary tract, it may cause irritation and small blood vessels may be damaged, resulting in blood in the urine.

C. Difficulty starting the urine stream is not a specific symptom of kidney stones. It may be seen in other urinary conditions but is not typically associated with stones.

D. The frequent urge to urinate may be experienced if the stone causes irritation in the bladder, but it is not the most common symptom associated with kidney stones.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Limiting fluid intake to 1 liter per day is not recommended to prevent kidney stone formation. Adequate hydration is essential to

help prevent stone formation, as it helps dilute the urine and reduce the concentration of minerals that can lead to stone formation.

B. Decreasing dietary fiber intake is not a preventive measure for kidney stones. In fact, increasing dietary fiber intake can be beneficial for overall health.

C. Reducing calcium intake from all sources is not recommended to prevent kidney stones. In some cases, reducing dietary calcium intake can actually increase the risk of certain types of kidney stones.

D. This is the correct answer. Increasing citric acid intake can help prevent certain types of kidney stones, such as calcium oxalate stones. Citric acid helps to bind calcium in the urine, reducing the risk of stone formation. Citric acid can be found in citrus fruits and juices, and the nurse may advise the client to include more of these foods in their diet.

A. Urinary retention B. Hyperkalemia C. Hypoglycemia D. Hypertension

Correct Answer is ["A"]

Explanation

A. This is the correct answer. After percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL), the client may experience urinary retention due to swelling and irritation around the bladder or urethra from the procedure. The nurse should monitor the client for signs of urinary retention, such as difficulty urinating or a distended bladder, and take appropriate measures to relieve the obstruction.

B. Hyperkalemia is not directly related to PCNL. It may occur in certain medical conditions but is not a common complication of this procedure.

C. Hypoglycemia is not related to PCNL. It is a condition related to low blood sugar levels and is not a typical complication of kidney stone removal.

D. Hypertension is not directly related to PCNL. While some clients with hypertension may be at increased risk for kidney stones, hypertension is not a common complication of PCNL itself.

Questions

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A client with renal calculus presents to the clinic with severe pain. The nurse notes that the client is restless, pacing, and unable to find a comfortable position. Which additional symptom is the client most likely to report?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client with a history of recurrent kidney stones. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the client's discharge teaching to help prevent stone formation?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who had a kidney stone removed through percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). The nurse should closely monitor the client for which potential complication?

Correct Answer is ["A"]

Explanation

A client with a history of kidney stones is prescribed a thiazide diuretic. The nurse should monitor the client's laboratory values for which electrolyte imbalance?

A nurse is providing education to a client who has a family history of kidney stones. The client asks, "Can I do anything to prevent getting kidney stones?" What is the nurse's best response?

A nurse is assessing a client with suspected renal calculus. Which of the following symptoms may accompany kidney stone pain if the stone causes obstruction in the urinary tract?

A nurse is providing postoperative care instructions to a client who underwent ureteroscopy for the removal of a kidney stone. Which of the following statements by the client indicates a need for further teaching?

A nurse is performing an assessment on a client with a history of recurrent kidney stones. Which risk factor is the nurse most likely to assess for in this client?

A client has been diagnosed with uric acid stones. The nurse should recommend dietary modifications that include:

A nurse is providing education to a client who has been diagnosed with renal calculus. The client asks, "What causes kidney stones?" What is the nurse's best response?

A client asks the nurse, "How can I prevent the formation of kidney stones?" Which response by the nurse is most accurate?