A client is newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The nurse is educating the client about self-monitoring blood glucose (SMBG) and haemoglobin A1C. Which statement by the client indicates teaching has been effective?

"I will wash my hands with warm soapy water before sticking my finger."

"I will use a lancing device on the centre of my finger pad for a drop of blood."

"I will inform the healthcare provider of my average haemoglobin A1C results weekly."

"I will document my haemoglobin A1C results from the SMBG monitor every morning."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A reason: Washing hands with warm soapy water before sticking the finger is a critical step in the process of self-monitoring blood glucose. Clean hands help prevent infections and ensure that the blood sample is not contaminated, which can affect the accuracy of glucose readings. This practice indicates that the client understands and can effectively follow the proper procedure for SMBG.

Choice B reason: Using a lancing device on the centre of the finger pad is not the correct technique. The sides of the finger pads are recommended for pricking because they are less sensitive than the centre and can provide a better sample with less discomfort. This indicates a misunderstanding of the correct procedure.

Choice C reason: Informing the healthcare provider of average haemoglobin A1C results weekly is unnecessary. Haemoglobin A1C is typically measured every 3 to 6 months to monitor long-term glucose control. Weekly reporting is not required and shows a lack of understanding about the appropriate use of A1C measurements.

Choice D reason: Documenting haemoglobin A1C results from the SMBG monitor every morning is incorrect. The SMBG monitor measures daily blood glucose levels, not haemoglobin A1C. Haemoglobin A1C provides an average blood glucose level over the past 2 to 3 months and is not obtained from daily SMBG readings.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Tachycardia, or a rapid heart rate, can be a symptom associated with COPD, especially during exacerbations or due to medication effects. However, it is not the primary symptom used to evaluate the effectiveness of COPD treatment.

Choice B reason: Edem of the ankles can occur in COPD patients due to right-sided heart failure (cur pulmonale) associated with chronic lung disease. While it is an important symptom to monitor, it is not the primary indicator of COPD treatment effectiveness.

Choice C reason: Dyspneal, or difficulty breathing, is the most significant and primary symptom of COPD. The primary goal of COPD treatment is to improve the client's breathing and reduce dyspneal. Assessing the client's level of breathlessness provides direct insight into how well the treatment is managing the condition.

Choice D reason: Unilateral diminished breath sounds can indicate localized issues such as pneumothorax or pleural effusion rather than the overall effectiveness of COPD treatment. Bilateral lung sounds and general respiratory status are more relevant to evaluating COPD management.

A. Petechial haemorrhage under client's eyes. B. Right lower abdomen rebound tenderness. C. Severe headache with photosensitivity. D. Dark green coloured emesis.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: Petechial haemorrhage under the client's eyes can be a sign of various conditions, including increased intrathoracic pressure from vomiting. However, it is not the most urgent finding in this scenario. The nurse should focus on the finding that indicates a potential life-threatening condition.

Choice B reason: Right lower abdomen rebound tenderness is a sign of peritonitis, which can be caused by appendicitis or other serious abdominal conditions. This is an urgent finding that requires immediate medical attention, as it indicates inflammation of the peritoneum and potential risk of perforation or severe infection.

Choice C reason: Severe headache with photosensitivity can be associated with conditions such as meningitis or migraines. While concerning, it does not take precedence over the abdominal signs that indicate a potentially life-threatening condition like peritonitis.

Choice D reason: Dark green coloured emesis can be indicative of bile or upper gastrointestinal content, which might be seen in conditions such as intestinal obstruction or vomiting. However, it is not as urgent as the finding of rebound tenderness, which suggests an acute and severe abdominal condition that needs immediate intervention.

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A client is newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The nurse is educating the client about self-monitoring blood glucose (SMBG) and haemoglobin A1C. Which statement by the client indicates teaching has been effective?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

During a home visit, the nurse should evaluate the effectiveness of a client's treatment for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) by assessing for which primary symptom?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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A client is newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The nurse is educating the client about self-monitoring blood glucose (SMBG) and haemoglobin A1C. Which statement by the client indicates teaching has been effective?

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