A client prescribed a medication for hypertension started taking it 3 days ago and arrives in the emergency department with an edematous face and tongue and having a difficult time speaking. What medication is the nurse aware of that may produce this type of side effect?
Valsartan (Diovan)
Amlodipine (Norvasc)
Enalapril (Vasotec)
Metoprolol succinate (Toprol XL)
The Correct Answer is C
A. Valsartan (Diovan) is an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB), and although it can cause side effects like dizziness or elevated potassium levels, it is less commonly associated with angioedema compared to ACE inhibitors.
B. Amlodipine (Norvasc) is a calcium channel blocker, and while it can cause edema, it does not typically cause facial and tongue swelling.
C. Enalapril (Vasotec) is an ACE inhibitor and is known to cause angioedema, a serious side effect that involves swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat. This can lead to difficulty breathing or speaking, and it requires immediate medical attention.
D. Metoprolol succinate (Toprol XL) is a beta-blocker and is not commonly associated with angioedema. It may cause other side effects like bradycardia or hypotension but not facial or tongue swelling.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Auscultating the right upper quadrant of the abdomen while injecting air into the tube is an outdated and unreliable method for confirming tube placement. This technique can lead to false positives and is not recommended.
B. Obtaining radiography of the abdomen is a highly accurate method for confirming nasogastric tube placement but is not always the first-line method due to the need for imaging and exposure to radiation. However, it may be used if other methods are uncertain.
C. Auscultating the left upper quadrant of the abdomen while injecting air into the tube is another outdated and unreliable method, similar to auscultating the right upper quadrant.
D. Checking the pH of fluid aspirated from the tube is the most accurate and recommended method. Gastric fluid typically has a pH of 1.5 to 3.5, whereas respiratory or intestinal fluids have higher pH levels. Checking the pH is a simple and reliable way to confirm the placement of the nasogastric tube.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Autonomy refers to respecting the patient’s right to make their own decisions. While important, it is not the ethical principle that guides the nurse's decision to report the situation to Adult Protective Services.
B. Nonmaleficence refers to the duty to do no harm. Reporting the neglect of the client to Adult Protective Services is consistent with preventing further harm and ensuring the client’s safety.
C. Justice refers to fairness and equal treatment. While the nurse is working to protect the client, the situation involves more than just fairness, making nonmaleficence the more applicable principle.
D. Fidelity refers to loyalty and keeping promises, but it does not specifically guide the nurse’s action in this situation.
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