A client prescribed a medication for hypertension started taking it 3 days ago and arrives in the emergency department with an edematous face and tongue and having a difficult time speaking. What medication is the nurse aware of that may produce this type of side effect?
Valsartan (Diovan)
Amlodipine (Norvasc)
Enalapril (Vasotec)
Metoprolol succinate (Toprol XL)
The Correct Answer is C
A. Valsartan (Diovan) is an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB), and although it can cause side effects like dizziness or elevated potassium levels, it is less commonly associated with angioedema compared to ACE inhibitors.
B. Amlodipine (Norvasc) is a calcium channel blocker, and while it can cause edema, it does not typically cause facial and tongue swelling.
C. Enalapril (Vasotec) is an ACE inhibitor and is known to cause angioedema, a serious side effect that involves swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat. This can lead to difficulty breathing or speaking, and it requires immediate medical attention.
D. Metoprolol succinate (Toprol XL) is a beta-blocker and is not commonly associated with angioedema. It may cause other side effects like bradycardia or hypotension but not facial or tongue swelling.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Low levels of both HDL and LDL cholesterol is not desirable as low levels of HDL cholesterol are associated with a higher risk for heart disease.
B. Low levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL cholesterol) are undesirable because HDL helps remove excess cholesterol from the bloodstream, and lower levels increase the risk of cardiovascular disease.
C. Low levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL cholesterol) is the most desirable situation. Lower LDL levels reduce the risk of atherosclerosis and heart disease, making it important to lower these levels in patients with coronary artery disease.
D. Hypocholesterolemia (abnormally low cholesterol levels) is not typically targeted as a treatment goal and can be harmful in some situations, as cholesterol is essential for many bodily functions.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Excessive fluid losses may lead to dehydration, but this is not typically a primary concern for patients with pulmonary alterations unless there is significant vomiting, diarrhea, or blood loss.
B. Hemodilution is not a common concern in patients with pulmonary alterations. Hypernatremia typically occurs with fluid loss or inadequate fluid intake, but it is not a direct concern related to pulmonary issues.
C. Fluid volume excess can lead to right-sided heart failure in patients with pulmonary alterations. If fluid accumulates, it can worsen pulmonary symptoms and increase the workload on the heart, potentially leading to right-sided heart failure.
D. Fluid retention with tachypnea is not typically a direct cause of fluid retention. While tachypnea is associated with respiratory distress, fluid retention is more closely linked to heart failure or kidney dysfunction.
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