A client with a history of hypertension and diagnosis of chronic renal disease asks a nurse how the disease occurred. The nurse should accurately respond to the client by making which statement?

"High blood pressure reduces renal blood flow and harms the kidney tissue, causing this diagnosis."

"Thickening of the kidney structures and gradual death of nephrons has caused this diagnosis."

"Cysts compress renal tissue, which destroys the kidneys, causing this diagnosis."

"Immune complexes form in the kidney tissue and produce inflammation, causing this diagnosis."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. "High blood pressure reduces renal blood flow and harms the kidney tissue, causing this diagnosis." Chronic renal disease often develops as a complication of long-standing

hypertension. Persistent high blood pressure can damage the small blood vessels in the kidneys, reducing blood flow and causing kidney tissue damage over time.

B. "Thickening of the kidney structures and gradual death of nephrons has caused this diagnosis." This statement describes changes seen in conditions like diabetic nephropathy but is not specific to the development of renal disease in hypertension.

C. "Cysts compress renal tissue, which destroys the kidneys, causing this diagnosis." This statement describes the pathogenesis of polycystic kidney disease, not chronic renal disease due to hypertension.

D. "Immune complexes form in the kidney tissue and produce inflammation, causing this diagnosis." This statement describes the pathogenesis of glomerulonephritis, not chronic renal disease due to hypertension.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Constipation: Constipation is not a common adverse effect of Atenolol, which is a beta- blocker.

B. Cough: Cough is more commonly associated with ACE inhibitors rather than beta-blockers like Atenolol.

C. Tremor: Tremor is not typically an adverse effect of Atenolol; beta-blockers can actually be used to treat essential tremors.

D. Bradycardia: Atenolol, as a beta-blocker, can slow the heart rate, leading to bradycardia, which is a well-documented adverse effect.

A. Assist with passive range of motion exercises. B. Monitor the pulse oximetry every two hours. C. Encourage 1 liter of fluid intake in 24 hours. D. Encourage the client to focus efforts on discharge.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Assist with passive range of motion exercises: While promoting mobility is important for overall well-being, it may not be the priority in a client with Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia, which requires respiratory support and oxygenation.

B. Monitor the pulse oximetry every two hours: Monitoring oxygen saturation is crucial in clients with Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia to assess respiratory status and the effectiveness of treatment. Hypoxemia is a common complication and requires prompt intervention.

C. Encourage 1 liter of fluid intake in 24 hours: Encouraging adequate fluid intake is important for hydration, but it may not be the priority over monitoring respiratory status in a client with pneumonia.

D. Encourage the client to focus efforts on discharge: Discharge planning is important but should not take precedence over immediate nursing care priorities such as respiratory assessment and monitoring.

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A client with a history of hypertension and diagnosis of chronic renal disease asks a nurse how the disease occurred. The nurse should accurately respond to the client by making which statement?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is teaching a client diagnosed with hypertension and is prescribed Atenolol. Which of the following findings should the nurse include as adverse effects of Atenolol?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client with a history of advanced HIV who was admitted with a diagnosis of Pneumocystis jirovecci pneumonia. The nurse should prioritize which nursing care goal?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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