A client with acute renal injury (AKI) weighs 110.3 pounds (50 kg) and has a potassium level of 6.7 mEq/L (6.7 mmol/L) is admitted to the hospital. Which prescribed medication should the nurse administer first?

Reference Range:
Potassium [3.5 to 5 mEq/L (3.5 to 5 mmol/L)]

Sodium polystyrene sulfonate 15 grams by mouth.

Sevelamer one tablet by mouth.

Calcium acetate one tablet by mouth.

Epoetin alfa, recombinant 2,500 units subcutaneously.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A reason: Sodium polystyrene sulfonate is a medication that binds to excess potassium in the gastrointestinal tract and removes it from the body through feces. It is used to treat hyperkalemia, which is a high level of potassium in the blood. Hyperkalemia can cause cardiac arrhythmias and muscle weakness, and it is a common complication of AKI. Therefore, this medication should be administered first to lower the potassium level and prevent life-threatening complications.

Choice B reason: Sevelamer is a medication that binds to phosphorus in the gastrointestinal tract and removes it from the body through feces. It is used to treat hyperphosphatemia, which is a high level of phosphorus in the blood. Hyperphosphatemia can cause bone loss and soft tissue calcification, and it is a common complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, it is not an urgent issue in AKI, and it does not affect the potassium level.

Choice C reason: Calcium acetate is a medication that also binds to phosphorus in the gastrointestinal tract and removes it from the body through feces. It has the same effect and indication as sevelamer, but it also provides calcium supplementation. However, it is not an urgent issue in AKI, and it does not affect the potassium level.

Choice D reason: Epoetin alfa, recombinant is a medication that stimulates the production of red blood cells in the bone marrow. It is used to treat anemia, which is a low level of hemoglobin or red blood cells in the blood. Anemia can cause fatigue, weakness, and shortness of breath, and it is a common complication of CKD and AKI. However, it is not an urgent issue in AKI, and it does not affect the potassium level.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: Canned vegetables with additional table salt are not a good choice for someone with cholecystitis, because they are high in sodium, which can increase fluid retention and inflammation. However, this choice is not eliminated by the client, so it does not indicate successful teaching.

Choice B reason: Pasta with herbal butter and no meat sauce is a good choice for someone with cholecystitis, because it is low in fat and protein, which can trigger gallbladder contractions and pain. This choice is not eliminated by the client, so it does not indicate successful teaching.

Choice C reason: Citrus fruit and melon with a salt substitute are also good choices for someone with cholecystitis, because they are high in vitamin C and water, which can help dissolve gallstones and prevent infection. This choice is not eliminated by the client, so it does not indicate successful teaching.

Choice D reason: Whole milk and daily servings of ice cream are bad choices for someone with cholecystitis, because they are high in fat and cholesterol, which can worsen gallbladder inflammation and increase the risk of gallstone formation. This choice is eliminated by the client, so it indicates successful teaching.

A. The client's age B. The client's facial droop C. The client's garbled speech D. The client's alcohol consumption E. The client's seafood intake

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

a) The client's age: The client is 70 years old, which puts her at a higher risk of having a stroke or other cardiovascular problems. Stroke is a medical emergency that requires prompt treatment to prevent brain damage and disability.

b) The client's facial droop: The client has a noticeable facial droop, which is a sign of facial nerve weakness or paralysis. This can be caused by a stroke, Bell's palsy, or other neurological conditions. Facial droop can affect the client's ability to speak, eat, and express emotions.

c) The client's garbled speech: The client has garbled speech, which means she has difficulty producing or understanding words. This can be caused by a stroke, brain injury, or other disorders that affect the language areas of the brain. Garbled speech can impair the client's communication and cognition.

d) The client's alcohol consumption: The client had a few drinks at a seafood restaurant, which may have interacted with her medications or medical conditions. Alcohol can increase the risk of bleeding, lower blood pressure, and worsen dehydration. Alcohol can also impair the client's judgment and coordination.

e) The client's seafood intake: The client ate seafood at a restaurant, which may have triggered an allergic reaction or food poisoning. Seafood allergies can cause symptoms such as hives, swelling, breathing difficulties, and anaphylaxis. Food poisoning can cause symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and dehydration.

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A client with acute renal injury (AKI) weighs 110.3 pounds (50 kg) and has a potassium level of 6.7 mEq/L (6.7 mmol/L) is admitted to the hospital. Which prescribed medication should the nurse administer first? Reference Range: Potassium [3.5 to 5 mEq/L (3.5 to 5 mmol/L)]

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

After teaching a client newly diagnosed with cholecystitis about recommended diet changes, the nurse evaluates the client's learning. Which food choices eliminated by the client indicate to the nurse that teaching has been successful?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Exhibits The triage nurse does a rapid assessment of the client. Which data indicates the client is in need of immediate health interventions?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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Exhibits The nurse is reviewing the physician orders. Which of the following physician’s orders requires priority attention from the nurse? Select all that apply.

A client with acute renal injury (AKI) weighs 110.3 pounds (50 kg) and has a potassium level of 6.7 mEq/L (6.7 mmol/L) is admitted to the hospital. Which prescribed medication should the nurse administer first?

Reference Range:
Potassium [3.5 to 5 mEq/L (3.5 to 5 mmol/L)]