A client with congestive heart failure reports waking up at night with sudden breathlessness and feeling the need to sit upright to breathe comfortably. The nurse should document this symptom as:
Orthopnea
Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea
Peripheral edema
Tachypnea
The Correct Answer is B
A) This choice is incorrect because orthopnea is a different symptom where the client experiences difficulty breathing while lying flat and finds relief by sitting upright or standing.
B) This choice is correct. Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea is characterized by sudden breathlessness that awakens the client from sleep, usually 1-2 hours after falling asleep. The client may feel the need to sit upright or dangle the legs to breathe comfortably.
C) This choice is incorrect because peripheral edema refers to swelling in the legs, ankles, and feet, which is a common symptom of congestive heart failure but does not match the client's reported symptom.
D) This choice is incorrect because tachypnea is rapid breathing and is not specifically related to the client's nighttime symptom of sudden breathlessness.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A) This choice is incorrect because serum electrolyte levels are not directly measured during an echocardiogram. They are typically assessed through a blood test and are not specific to evaluating heart function using ultrasound.
B) This choice is incorrect because blood pressure readings are not directly measured during an echocardiogram. Blood pressure is typically assessed using a sphygmomanometer and is not specific to evaluating heart function using ultrasound.
C) This choice is incorrect because oxygen saturation levels are not directly measured during an echocardiogram. Oxygen saturation is typically assessed using a pulse oximeter and is not specific to evaluating heart function using ultrasound.
D) This choice is correct. Ejection fraction (EF) is a parameter measured during an echocardiogram to assess the client's heart function. It represents the percentage of blood pumped out of the heart's left ventricle with each heartbeat and is an essential indicator of heart muscle efficiency and potential heart failure.
Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A) This choice is incorrect because a complete blood count (CBC) is a general blood test that measures different components of the blood, such as red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. It is not specifically used to measure heart strain or diagnose CHF.
B) This choice is incorrect because a basic metabolic panel (BMP) is a blood test that measures electrolytes, kidney function, and glucose levels. It is not specific to diagnosing CHF.
C) This choice is correct. A brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) level is a blood test specifically used to measure heart strain. Elevated BNP levels can indicate heart failure, making it a valuable diagnostic tool in assessing suspected CHF.
D) This choice is incorrect because a C-reactive protein (CRP) level is a marker of inflammation and is not specific to diagnosing CHF.
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