A client with diabetes mellitus is undergoing diagnostic evaluation.
The nurse explains the oral glucose tolerance test to the client.
Which statement by the nurse is accurate?
"A glucose level ≥100 mg/dL two hours after a glucose load confirms the diagnosis.”..
"A glucose level ≥180 mg/dL one hour after a glucose load indicates diabetes.”..
"A glucose level ≥200 mg/dL two hours after a glucose load confirms the diagnosis.”..
"A glucose level ≥250 mg/dL one hour after a glucose load suggests uncontrolled diabetes.”..
The Correct Answer is C
"A glucose level ≥200 mg/dL two hours after a glucose load confirms the diagnosis.”.
Choice A rationale:
A glucose level ≥100 mg/dL two hours after a glucose load confirms the diagnosis.
This statement is incorrect.
A glucose level of 100 mg/dL two hours after a glucose load is not sufficient to confirm the diagnosis of diabetes.
The diagnostic criteria for diabetes typically involve higher glucose levels.
Choice B rationale:
A glucose level ≥180 mg/dL one hour after a glucose load indicates diabetes.
This statement is incorrect.
While a glucose level of 180 mg/dL one hour after a glucose load may be elevated, it is not enough to confirm a diagnosis of diabetes.
The diagnostic criteria for diabetes primarily involve glucose levels at the two-hour mark.
Choice C rationale:
A glucose level ≥200 mg/dL two hours after a glucose load confirms the diagnosis.
This statement is correct.
The oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) is a diagnostic test for diabetes, and the ADA diagnostic criteria specify that a glucose level of 200 mg/dL or higher at the two-hour mark after a glucose load confirms the diagnosis of diabetes.
This threshold is used to ensure accurate diagnosis.
Choice D rationale:
A glucose level ≥250 mg/dL one hour after a glucose load suggests uncontrolled diabetes.
This statement is not part of the diagnostic criteria for diabetes.
While a glucose level of 250 mg/dL one hour after a glucose load is elevated, it is not used to confirm the diagnosis of diabetes.
The diagnostic threshold is typically set at the two-hour mark.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Insulin is a crucial part of managing diabetes, especially in the case of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA).
It helps lower blood sugar levels and counteracts the effects of high blood glucose, which is characteristic of DKA.
Avoiding insulin at all costs is not an appropriate approach as it can lead to worsening of DKA.
Choice B rationale:
The nurse should emphasize the need for frequent monitoring of blood glucose levels.
This is because DKA is associated with significantly elevated blood glucose levels.
Regular monitoring allows for timely adjustments in insulin and other treatments, reducing the risk of complications.
Monitoring blood glucose levels is a fundamental aspect of diabetes management.
Choice C rationale:
Consuming a high-carbohydrate diet is not advisable in the context of DKA prevention.
High-carbohydrate diets can lead to elevated blood sugar levels, which may exacerbate the risk of DKA.
It's essential to maintain a balanced and controlled carbohydrate intake for individuals with diabetes.
Choice D rationale:
Avoiding follow-up appointments is not a suitable approach for DKA prevention.
Regular follow-up appointments with healthcare providers are essential for monitoring and adjusting the diabetes management plan.
Skipping follow-up appointments can lead to uncontrolled blood sugar levels and an increased risk of DKA.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Genetic factors play a significant role in the development of diabetes mellitus, especially when there is a family history of the disease.
People with a family history of diabetes are at a higher risk of developing the condition due to the inheritance of certain genes that predispose them to diabetes.
These genetic factors can influence insulin production, insulin sensitivity, and glucose regulation.
The genetic component of diabetes is well-established, and research has identified specific genes associated with both type 1 and type 2 diabetes.
It's important to educate the client about the importance of monitoring their blood sugar levels and adopting a healthy lifestyle to reduce their risk, given their family history.
Choice B rationale:
Autoimmune destruction of beta cells is more associated with type 1 diabetes rather than a family history of the disease.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune condition in which the body's immune system mistakenly targets and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas.
While this is a critical factor in type 1 diabetes, it is not typically linked to family history as a primary risk factor.
Choice C rationale:
Insufficient insulin is a consequence of diabetes rather than a risk factor.
In diabetes, the problem is usually related to the body's inability to produce enough insulin (in type 1 diabetes) or effectively use the insulin produced (in type 2 diabetes).
Insufficient insulin is a result of the disease, not a contributing factor related to family history.
Choice D rationale:
Lack of physical activity can be a risk factor for diabetes, especially type 2 diabetes, but it is not the primary factor associated with a family history of the disease.
Lack of physical activity may contribute to the development of diabetes in individuals who are already at risk due to genetic factors or other lifestyle-related factors.
It's essential to promote physical activity and a healthy lifestyle, but this is not the primary risk factor in the context of family history.
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