(Select all that apply): A nurse is monitoring a child with DK
Blood glucose levels.
Electrolyte levels.
Respiratory rate.
Cardiac output.
Skin color.
Correct Answer : A,B,C,E
Blood glucose levels.
B. Electrolyte levels.
C. Respiratory rate.
E. Skin color.
Choice A rationale:
Monitoring blood glucose levels is essential in managing a child with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA).
Hyperglycemia is a hallmark of DKA, and effective insulin therapy is necessary to lower blood glucose levels to normal or near-normal ranges.
Frequent blood glucose monitoring helps adjust insulin infusion rates, preventing both hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia.
Choice B rationale:
Electrolyte levels, including potassium, sodium, and chloride, should be closely monitored in a child with DKA.
DKA can lead to electrolyte imbalances, such as hypokalemia and hyponatremia, which can be life-threatening.
Monitoring electrolytes ensures that appropriate replacements are administered to correct these imbalances.
Choice C rationale:
Respiratory rate monitoring is vital to detect signs of impending respiratory distress in a child with DKA.
As DKA progresses, metabolic acidosis can result in Kussmaul respirations, which are deep and rapid.
Monitoring respiratory rate can help identify respiratory distress early and prompt timely intervention.
Choice E rationale:
Monitoring skin color is important to assess perfusion and oxygenation.
In severe cases of DKA, there may be impaired tissue perfusion, resulting in pallor or cyanosis.
Skin color changes can be an early indicator of circulatory compromise, and prompt action can help prevent complications associated with inadequate tissue perfusion.
Choice D rationale:
Cardiac output is not typically monitored as a routine measure in managing DKA.
While DKA can affect cardiac function indirectly by causing electrolyte imbalances, monitoring cardiac output is not a direct preventive measure for DKA complications.
Instead, the focus should be on correcting the underlying metabolic and electrolyte imbalances.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Telling the child to drink less water to control urination is not an appropriate response.
Excessive thirst and increased urination are common symptoms of diabetes, and they occur because the body is trying to get rid of excess glucose through urine.
Dehydration is a concern in diabetes, so advising the child to drink less water is not advisable.
Choice B rationale:
Explaining to the child that these symptoms are due to their body having trouble using glucose properly is an accurate and appropriate response.
Excessive thirst and increased urination are classic symptoms of diabetes mellitus.
When the body cannot use glucose effectively, it tries to eliminate excess glucose through urine, leading to increased urination and subsequent thirst to combat dehydration.
Choice C rationale:
Suggesting that the child should eat more to satisfy their increased hunger is not an appropriate response.
Increased hunger can also be a symptom of diabetes, and advising the child to eat more without addressing the underlying issue of glucose regulation is not helpful.
Choice D rationale:
Weight loss is often an early symptom of diabetes, and it occurs because the body is unable to properly utilize glucose for energy.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
"Acute complications like hypoglycemia cannot be prevented in children.”.
Hypoglycemia is an acute complication of diabetes that can be prevented and managed.
Education on recognizing and treating low blood sugar episodes, monitoring blood glucose levels, and adjusting insulin or medications appropriately can significantly reduce the risk of hypoglycemia in children with diabetes.
Choice B rationale:
"Long-term complications such as retinopathy and nephropathy are not a concern for children.”.
Long-term complications like retinopathy (eye problems) and nephropathy (kidney problems) can affect children with diabetes, especially if their blood sugar levels are poorly controlled over time.
It is essential to emphasize the importance of glycemic control and regular medical check-ups to monitor for early signs of these complications and take preventive measures.
Choice C rationale:
"Strategies can be implemented to prevent both acute and long-term complications.”.
This is The correct answer.
Strategies can be implemented to prevent both acute and long-term complications in children with diabetes.
These strategies include maintaining good glycemic control through proper insulin management, following a healthy diet, engaging in regular physical activity, and regular medical follow-ups.
Preventive measures, such as eye and kidney screenings, can also help detect potential issues early and intervene appropriately.
Choice D rationale:
"There is no need for regular follow-up visits to monitor glycemic control.”.
Regular follow-up visits to monitor glycemic control are essential for children with diabetes.
These visits allow healthcare professionals to assess the child's blood sugar management, adjust treatment plans as needed, and provide ongoing education and support.
Skipping follow-up visits can increase the risk of complications and hinder effective diabetes management.
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