(Select all that apply): A nurse is monitoring a child with DK
Blood glucose levels.
Electrolyte levels.
Respiratory rate.
Cardiac output.
Skin color.
Correct Answer : A,B,C,E
Blood glucose levels.
B. Electrolyte levels.
C. Respiratory rate.
E. Skin color.
Choice A rationale:
Monitoring blood glucose levels is essential in managing a child with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA).
Hyperglycemia is a hallmark of DKA, and effective insulin therapy is necessary to lower blood glucose levels to normal or near-normal ranges.
Frequent blood glucose monitoring helps adjust insulin infusion rates, preventing both hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia.
Choice B rationale:
Electrolyte levels, including potassium, sodium, and chloride, should be closely monitored in a child with DKA.
DKA can lead to electrolyte imbalances, such as hypokalemia and hyponatremia, which can be life-threatening.
Monitoring electrolytes ensures that appropriate replacements are administered to correct these imbalances.
Choice C rationale:
Respiratory rate monitoring is vital to detect signs of impending respiratory distress in a child with DKA.
As DKA progresses, metabolic acidosis can result in Kussmaul respirations, which are deep and rapid.
Monitoring respiratory rate can help identify respiratory distress early and prompt timely intervention.
Choice E rationale:
Monitoring skin color is important to assess perfusion and oxygenation.
In severe cases of DKA, there may be impaired tissue perfusion, resulting in pallor or cyanosis.
Skin color changes can be an early indicator of circulatory compromise, and prompt action can help prevent complications associated with inadequate tissue perfusion.
Choice D rationale:
Cardiac output is not typically monitored as a routine measure in managing DKA.
While DKA can affect cardiac function indirectly by causing electrolyte imbalances, monitoring cardiac output is not a direct preventive measure for DKA complications.
Instead, the focus should be on correcting the underlying metabolic and electrolyte imbalances.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","C"]
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Carbohydrate counting and portion control.
Carbohydrate counting and portion control are essential dietary principles for glycemic control in children with diabetes.
Carbohydrates have a significant impact on blood sugar levels, so teaching children and their families how to count carbohydrates and control portion sizes helps them manage their blood glucose levels more effectively.
By knowing the amount of carbohydrates in their meals, children can adjust their insulin or medication doses accordingly, promoting better glycemic control.
Choice B rationale:
Unlimited sugar intake for quick energy.
Unlimited sugar intake is not a recommended dietary principle for children with diabetes.
Consuming excessive amounts of sugar can lead to rapid spikes in blood sugar levels, making it difficult to maintain stable glycemic control.
It can also contribute to the development of long-term complications associated with diabetes.
Therefore, it is important to limit sugar intake and choose healthier carbohydrate sources.
Choice C rationale:
High-fat, low-carbohydrate diet.
A high-fat, low-carbohydrate diet is not a suitable dietary recommendation for children with diabetes.
Such a diet may lead to increased fat accumulation and negatively affect glycemic control.
It is important to focus on balanced and moderate carbohydrate intake, as well as selecting healthy fats in the diet.
A diet rich in healthy carbohydrates, lean proteins, and good fats is more appropriate for children with diabetes.
Choice D rationale:
Avoiding all carbohydrates in the diet.
Avoiding all carbohydrates in the diet is not a practical or safe approach for children with diabetes.
Carbohydrates are a primary source of energy, and completely eliminating them from the diet can lead to nutrient deficiencies and other health issues.
The goal is to manage carbohydrate intake, not eliminate it entirely.
Choice E rationale:
Random and irregular meal times.
Random and irregular meal times are not recommended for children with diabetes.
Consistency in meal timing is crucial to maintain stable blood sugar levels.
It helps synchronize food intake with insulin or medication administration, making it easier to control blood glucose.
Irregular meal times can lead to fluctuations in blood sugar levels, which are undesirable for children with diabetes.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
"Acute complications like hypoglycemia cannot be prevented in children.”.
Hypoglycemia is an acute complication of diabetes that can be prevented and managed.
Education on recognizing and treating low blood sugar episodes, monitoring blood glucose levels, and adjusting insulin or medications appropriately can significantly reduce the risk of hypoglycemia in children with diabetes.
Choice B rationale:
"Long-term complications such as retinopathy and nephropathy are not a concern for children.”.
Long-term complications like retinopathy (eye problems) and nephropathy (kidney problems) can affect children with diabetes, especially if their blood sugar levels are poorly controlled over time.
It is essential to emphasize the importance of glycemic control and regular medical check-ups to monitor for early signs of these complications and take preventive measures.
Choice C rationale:
"Strategies can be implemented to prevent both acute and long-term complications.”.
This is The correct answer.
Strategies can be implemented to prevent both acute and long-term complications in children with diabetes.
These strategies include maintaining good glycemic control through proper insulin management, following a healthy diet, engaging in regular physical activity, and regular medical follow-ups.
Preventive measures, such as eye and kidney screenings, can also help detect potential issues early and intervene appropriately.
Choice D rationale:
"There is no need for regular follow-up visits to monitor glycemic control.”.
Regular follow-up visits to monitor glycemic control are essential for children with diabetes.
These visits allow healthcare professionals to assess the child's blood sugar management, adjust treatment plans as needed, and provide ongoing education and support.
Skipping follow-up visits can increase the risk of complications and hinder effective diabetes management.
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