A client with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is receiving erythropoietin-stimulating agents (ESAs) as part of the dialysis treatment. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the medication's purpose?
"ESAs help prevent infection during dialysis."
"ESAs stimulate red blood cell production."
"ESAs reduce the risk of blood clot formation."
"ESAs enhance kidney function and filtration."
The Correct Answer is B
A) This statement is incorrect. Erythropoietin-stimulating agents (ESAs) are not used to prevent infections during dialysis. They are used to address anemia by stimulating red blood cell production.
B) This statement is accurate. Erythropoietin-stimulating agents (ESAs) stimulate the bone marrow to produce more red blood cells, addressing anemia commonly associated with chronic kidney disease and dialysis.
C) This statement is incorrect. Erythropoietin-stimulating agents (ESAs) do not reduce the risk of blood clot formation. They are specific to stimulating the production of red blood cells.
D) This statement is incorrect. Erythropoietin-stimulating agents (ESAs) do not enhance kidney function and filtration. They target the production of red blood cells to address anemia associated with ESRD and dialysis.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A) This statement is incorrect. Hypokalemia (low potassium levels) is not an indication for initiating dialysis. In AKI, electrolyte imbalances can occur, but hyperkalemia is more likely due to impaired kidney function.
B) This statement is incorrect. Hyponatremia (low sodium levels) is not a primary indication for initiating dialysis in AKI. It can occur due to fluid shifts, but the primary concern in AKI is the accumulation of waste products like urea, leading to uremia.
C) This statement is incorrect. Hypernatremia (high sodium levels) is not a primary indication for initiating dialysis in AKI. Hypernatremia is rare in AKI and usually occurs when there is a significant loss of free water compared to sodium intake.
D) Uremia, which is characterized by elevated levels of urea and other waste products in the blood, is a critical indication for initiating dialysis in clients with acute kidney injury. Dialysis helps remove these toxic substances from the bloodstream.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A) This statement is incorrect. Increasing the rate of fluid removal during dialysis may worsen the client's symptoms of lightheadedness and dizziness, as it can lead to further drops in blood pressure.
B) This statement is incorrect. Administering an antihypertensive medication is not appropriate in this situation, as the client is experiencing symptoms of low blood pressure, not high blood pressure.
C) This statement is accurate. Feeling lightheaded and dizzy during hemodialysis may be a sign of hypotension (low blood pressure), and the nurse should assess the client's blood pressure and pulse rate to determine if intervention is needed.
D) This statement is incorrect. Elevating the client's legs may promote blood flow, but it does not address the immediate issue of lightheadedness and dizziness. Assessing the client's blood pressure and pulse rate is the priority to determine the appropriate intervention.
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