A client with suspected tuberculosis (TB) is scheduled to undergo a sputum culture to confirm the diagnosis. Which statement accurately describes the purpose of a sputum culture in TB diagnosis?
A sputum culture is performed to assess the client's immune response to TB infection.
A sputum culture is used to monitor the effectiveness of TB treatment and evaluate disease progression.
A sputum culture is used to detect the presence of TB bacteria in the lungs.
A sputum culture is performed to assess lung function and determine the severity of TB infection.
The Correct Answer is C
A. A sputum culture is performed to assess the client's immune response to TB infection: Immune response is evaluated using tests such as the tuberculin skin test (TST) or interferon-gamma release assays (IGRAs), not sputum cultures. Sputum culture does not measure immunity.
B. A sputum culture is used to monitor the effectiveness of TB treatment and evaluate disease progression: While serial sputum cultures can track treatment response over time, the primary purpose of the initial culture is to identify the causative organism. Monitoring treatment is secondary.
C. A sputum culture is used to detect the presence of TB bacteria in the lungs: The sputum culture allows growth and identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from expectorated material, confirming the diagnosis. It is the gold standard for detecting active pulmonary TB.
D. A sputum culture is performed to assess lung function and determine the severity of TB infection: Lung function is assessed via pulmonary function tests or imaging, not sputum cultures. Culture results indicate bacterial presence, not the functional capacity of the lungs.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Discharge: Genitourinary discharge is more commonly associated with vaginal or sexually transmitted infections rather than urinary tract involvement. It does not indicate extension of infection to the renal parenchyma. Kidney infections are characterized by systemic and flank-related symptoms.
B. Burning during urination and frequent urination: Dysuria and urinary frequency are classic lower urinary tract infection symptoms involving the bladder or urethra. These findings suggest cystitis rather than ascending infection. They do not reflect renal involvement.
C. Cloudy urine and strong odor: Changes in urine appearance and odor occur with bacteriuria and lower urinary tract infection. These findings indicate infection but do not distinguish bladder involvement from renal infection. They lack the systemic features seen in pyelonephritis.
D. Upper back & side pain and high fever: Flank pain and costovertebral angle tenderness indicate inflammation of the renal pelvis and parenchyma. High fever reflects systemic infection and inflammatory response. Together, these findings are hallmark indicators of pyelonephritis.
Correct Answer is ["33"]
Explanation
Calculation:
- Identify the total volume and infusion time
Total Volume: 50 mL
Infusion Time: 90 minutes → 1.5 hours
- Calculate the infusion rate
Infusion Rate (mL/hr) = Total Volume ÷ Time (hr)
Infusion Rate = 50 ÷ 1.5
Infusion Rate = 33.33 mL/hr
- Round to the nearest whole number
Infusion Rate = 33 mL/hr
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