A nurse is teaching a client who has urolithiasis (renal calculi). The nurse should explain that which of the following conditions can increase the risk for renal calculi?

Obesity

Protein in the urine

Iron deficiency

Dehydration

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A.   While obesity can contribute to certain health conditions, it is not a direct risk factor for the formation of renal calculi.
B.   Proteinuria may indicate kidney dysfunction, but it is not a direct risk factor for the formation of renal calculi.
C.   Iron deficiency is not directly associated with an increased risk of renal calculi formation.
D.   Dehydration can lead to concentrated urine, which increases the risk of crystal formation and subsequently the formation of renal calculi.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Postoperative ileus and NG tube drainage are not typically associated with decreased calcium levels.
B. The nurse should monitor for electrolyte imbalances, particularly a decreased potassium level. This is because the gastrointestinal tract, especially the stomach, contains a high concentration of potassium, and substantial losses can occur with ongoing gastric suctioning.
C. NG tube drainage does not typically result in elevated sodium levels.
D. NG tube drainage does not typically result in elevated magnesium levels.

A. Maintain an IV of 0.45% sodium chloride. B. Administer desmopressin acetate 0.2 mg orally. C. Provide a diet containing 2 g of sodium per day. D. Restrict fluid intake to 1,000 mL per day.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Infusing hypotonic fluids such as 0.45% sodium chloride can exacerbate hyponatremia in a client with SIADH by further diluting serum sodium levels.
B. Desmopressin acetate is a synthetic form of ADH and would exacerbate the symptoms of SIADH by increasing water reabsorption and further diluting serum sodium levels.
C. Increasing dietary sodium intake would not be appropriate for a client with SIADH, as it would contribute to further fluid retention and exacerbate hyponatremia.
D. Fluid restriction is a key component of managing SIADH to prevent further water retention and dilutional hyponatremia. Restricting fluid intake helps to normalize serum sodium levels by allowing excess water to be excreted.

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A nurse is teaching a client who has urolithiasis (renal calculi). The nurse should explain that which of the following conditions can increase the risk for renal calculi?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who has a postoperative ileus and an NG tube that has drained 2,500 mL in the past 6 hr. Which of the following electrolyte imbalances should the nurse monitor the client for?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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