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A nurse is teaching a client who has urolithiasis (renal calculi). The nurse should explain that which of the following conditions can increase the risk for renal calculi?

A.

Obesity

B.

Protein in the urine

C.

Iron deficiency

D.

Dehydration

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A.    While obesity can contribute to certain health conditions, it is not a direct risk factor for the formation of renal calculi.
B.    Proteinuria may indicate kidney dysfunction, but it is not a direct risk factor for the formation of renal calculi.
C.    Iron deficiency is not directly associated with an increased risk of renal calculi formation.
D.    Dehydration can lead to concentrated urine, which increases the risk of crystal formation and subsequently the formation of renal calculi.
 


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Respiratory Acidosis, both compensated and uncompensated, is characterized by an elevated PaCO2, which is not present in this case.
B. The elevated pH (7.5) and HCO3 (34 mmol/L) indicate metabolic alkalosis. The elevated pH and the slightly elevated PaCO2 (40 mm Hg) suggest the partially compensated state, which is the respiratory compensation attempting to correct the alkalosis.
C. The fact that the PaCO2 is not low rules out respiratory alkalosis.
D. The arterial blood gas values indicate a high pH (7.5), a normal PaCO2 (40 mm Hg), and an elevated HCO3 (34 mmol/L), which are indicative of metabolic alkalosis. However, the elevated pH and the slightly elevated PaCO2 (40 mm Hg) suggest a partially compensated state.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Administering corticosteroids is crucial during an Addisonian crisis but typically involves intravenous corticosteroids (not oral) during the crisis to quickly restore hormone levels. Oral corticosteroids are part of regular maintenance therapy but not an immediate intervention in the crisis.

B. Weighing the client daily is important to monitor for potential fluid loss, dehydration, or weight changes related to Addison's disease and Addisonian crisis. Clients with Addison’s disease may experience fluid and electrolyte imbalances, so daily weight tracking helps detect early signs of fluid shifts, which are critical in crisis prevention and management.

C. A low-carbohydrate diet is not recommended for clients with Addison’s disease, as they may need a balanced diet with sufficient carbohydrates to prevent hypoglycemia.

D. Fluid intake should not be restricted; rather, maintaining adequate hydration is vital. Clients in Addisonian crisis are often at risk for dehydration due to fluid losses and low aldosterone levels, making fluid replacement essential.

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