A client’s parent asks a nurse about how they can prevent their child from becoming dehydrated again in future.
Which of the following advice should be given by the nurse?
Ensure appropriate fluid intake based on age and weight.
Monitor for signs of dehydration such as dry mucous membranes and decreased urine output.
Encourage consumption of electrolyte solutions during periods of illness.
All these measures are necessary to prevent dehydration in children.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale:
Ensure appropriate fluid intake based on age and weight.
Rationale: This is an essential piece of advice to prevent dehydration in children.
Proper fluid intake based on age and weight helps maintain hydration.
However, it's not the only advice that should be given.
Choice B rationale:
Monitor for signs of dehydration such as dry mucous membranes and decreased urine output.
Rationale: Monitoring for signs of dehydration is crucial, but it's not the only preventive measure.
Detecting dehydration early is important for timely intervention, but proactive prevention is also necessary.
Choice C rationale:
Encourage consumption of electrolyte solutions during periods of illness.
Rationale: Encouraging the consumption of electrolyte solutions during illness is a valuable piece of advice, especially when children may lose fluids due to vomiting or diarrhea.
However, it's not the only preventive measure.
Choice D rationale:
All these measures are necessary to prevent dehydration in children.
Rationale: This is The correct answer.
Preventing dehydration in children involves a combination of measures, including ensuring appropriate fluid intake, monitoring for signs of dehydration, and encouraging electrolyte solutions during illness.
All these measures work together to keep a child well-hydrated and prevent dehydration.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Vital signs are essential in assessing dehydration.
An elevated heart rate may indicate compensatory mechanisms due to decreased intravascular volume.
Low blood pressure may suggest severe dehydration, and abnormal temperature may indicate an underlying infection.
These parameters provide crucial information about the child's circulatory status, helping to assess the severity of dehydration.
Choice B rationale:
Physical examination findings, such as skin turgor and mucous membrane moisture, are valuable indicators of dehydration.
Poor skin turgor, where the skin doesn't return to its normal position promptly when pinched, indicates decreased tissue turgor due to fluid loss.
Dry mucous membranes, including the mouth, suggest dehydration and help evaluate the extent of fluid deficit.
These signs offer direct visual clues about the child's hydration status.
Choice C rationale:
Laboratory tests play a significant role in diagnosing dehydration.
A complete blood count (CBC) helps identify elevated hematocrit levels, indicating hemoconcentration due to fluid loss.
Electrolyte levels, specifically sodium and potassium, provide insights into the child's electrolyte balance, which can be disrupted in dehydration.
Urine specific gravity measures the kidney's ability to concentrate urine; a high specific gravity suggests concentrated urine due to reduced fluid intake.
These tests aid in confirming the diagnosis and assessing the severity of dehydration.
Choice D rationale:
Assessing the child's history is fundamental in understanding the underlying cause of dehydration.
Recent fluid intake and urine output patterns help determine the balance between intake and output.
Symptoms such as diarrhea, vomiting, and fever indicate potential causes of fluid loss.
Additionally, evaluating the child's overall health and any recent illnesses provides context for the dehydration, guiding appropriate treatment.
Correct Answer is ["B","C","D"]
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Lactated Ringer's solution is not contraindicated in cases of hyperkalemia.
This solution contains potassium in a relatively low concentration of 4 mEq/L, which is unlikely to significantly impact hyperkalemia.
Choice B rationale:
Lactated Ringer's solution can be contraindicated in cases of hypokalemia.
While it does contain potassium, the concentration is relatively low at 4 mEq/L.
In cases of severe hypokalemia, a more potassium-rich solution might be preferred.
Choice C rationale:
Lactated Ringer's solution can be used in cases of lower GI fluid loss.
It can help replace lost fluids and electrolytes effectively.
Choice D rationale:
Lactated Ringer's solution can be used in cases of upper GI fluid loss.
It helps restore lost fluids and electrolytes.
Choice E rationale:
Lactated Ringer's solution is not contraindicated in cases of lactic acidosis.
In fact, it contains lactate (28 mEq/L), which can be metabolized to bicarbonate and help correct acidosis.
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