A nurse is caring for a child with dehydration and needs to assess their fluid balance.
What etiological factors can contribute to dehydration in children, as discussed in the text?

Sunken fontanelle (in infants).

C. Dry mucous membranes.

E. Lethargy.

Choice A rationale:

Sunken fontanelle (in infants) is a clinical sign of dehydration.

The fontanelle is the soft spot on an infant's head, and when it becomes sunken, it suggests that the child is dehydrated.

This occurs because a lack of adequate fluid causes the brain to temporarily shrink, leading to the sunken appearance.

Choice B rationale:

Increased urine output is not typically a sign of dehydration.

In fact, dehydration often leads to decreased urine output as the body attempts to conserve fluid.

Increased urine output can be a sign of other conditions, such as diabetes.

Choice C rationale:

Dry mucous membranes are a classic sign of dehydration.

When the body lacks sufficient fluids, the mucous membranes in the mouth and other areas can become dry and sticky.

This is an important clinical indicator of dehydration.

Choice D rationale:

Normal skin turgor is not a sign of dehydration.

Skin turgor refers to the skin's ability to bounce back when pinched and released.

In a hydrated individual, the skin should have good turgor.

Dehydration can lead to poor skin turgor, but normal skin turgor does not indicate dehydration.

Choice E rationale:

Lethargy is a potential sign of dehydration.

When a child is dehydrated, they may become lethargic or unusually tired because their body is not receiving the necessary fluids to function properly.

Lethargy can be an early sign of dehydration in children.

“I understand that my child’s hydration status will be continuously assessed.”.

Choice A rationale:

While a child's age and weight may play a role in determining fluid replacement, this statement doesn't encompass the entire concept of managing dehydration.

Monitoring hydration status involves assessing clinical signs and symptoms, as well as ongoing evaluation.

Choice B rationale:

Electrolyte solutions and supplements are indeed part of the treatment for dehydration.

However, this statement doesn't reflect the comprehensive understanding of managing a dehydrated child, including continuous assessment of hydration status.

Choice C rationale:

This statement indicates a correct understanding.

Continuous assessment of a child's hydration status is essential in managing dehydration.

It allows healthcare providers to monitor the child's response to treatment and make necessary adjustments.

Choice D rationale:

Collaboration within the healthcare team is important, but this statement doesn't specifically address the understanding of fluid replacement and dehydration management.

The correct response is choice C because it highlights the critical aspect of continuous assessment, which is essential to ensure that the child's hydration status is being monitored effectively during treatment.