The parents of a child with acute glomerulonephritis are describing to the practical nurse (PN) what originally motivated them to seek medical care. Which sign is the child most likely to have exhibited?

Hematuria

Polydipsia

A sore throat

Weight loss

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Rationale:

A. Hematuria: Hematuria, often described by parents as cola- or tea-colored urine, is the hallmark sign of acute glomerulonephritis. It results from glomerular inflammation that allows red blood cells to leak into the urine. This visible change in urine color commonly prompts parents to seek medical attention.

B. Polydipsia: Increased thirst is more typical of diabetes mellitus or diabetes insipidus, not glomerulonephritis. Children with glomerulonephritis usually experience fluid retention rather than excessive thirst due to reduced kidney filtration and sodium retention.

C. A sore throat: A sore throat often precedes acute glomerulonephritis because the infection is commonly caused by group A beta-hemolytic Streptococcus. However, by the time glomerulonephritis develops, the sore throat has usually resolved, so it is not the primary reason parents seek care.

D. Weight loss: Weight loss is not typical of acute glomerulonephritis; instead, children often present with weight gain from fluid retention. The sudden presence of dark urine and swelling are more likely to alert parents to a kidney problem.

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Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Withhold the next scheduled dose of levothyroxine: Levothyroxine should not be withheld for constipation, as it is the primary treatment for hypothyroidism. Stopping the medication could worsen metabolic function and is not indicated for mild gastrointestinal symptoms.

B. Obtain the supplies needed for insertion of a nasogastric tube: Inserting a nasogastric tube is invasive and unnecessary for constipation unless there is severe obstruction or other complications. Routine constipation is managed with noninvasive measures first.

C. Assist the client with ambulation in the room and hallway: Physical activity stimulates bowel motility and helps relieve constipation. Assisting the client with safe ambulation supports gastrointestinal function and promotes overall recovery in hypothyroid patients.

D. Remove any food or fluid from the client's bedside and room: Restricting food and fluid would worsen constipation and is inappropriate. Adequate hydration and dietary intake are essential for promoting normal bowel function.

A. Explain that the pharmacy often substitutes generic equivalents for more expensive brands. B. Explain that the healthcare provider probably prescribed a different medication while he is hospitalized. C. Tell the client that he is probably confused since being hospitalized tends to disorient clients. D. Tell the client that the PN will verify that the dispensed medication is the valid prescription.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Explain that the pharmacy often substitutes generic equivalents for more expensive brands: While true, this explanation alone does not ensure patient safety or confirm that the correct medication was dispensed. Verification is necessary before administration.

B. Explain that the healthcare provider probably prescribed a different medication while he is hospitalized: Assuming a change in prescription without verification could lead to medication errors and compromise safety. Confirmation from the pharmacy or provider is required.

C. Tell the client that he is probably confused since being hospitalized tends to disorient clients: Dismissing the client’s concern undermines trust and could result in a medication error. Patient concerns should always be taken seriously.

D. Tell the client that the PN will verify that the dispensed medication is the valid prescription: The safest response respects the client’s observation and ensures accurate verification. This action prioritizes patient safety, confirms the correct medication, and maintains trust.

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The parents of a child with acute glomerulonephritis are describing to the practical nurse (PN) what originally motivated them to seek medical care. Which sign is the child most likely to have exhibited?

Nursing Test Bank

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Explanation

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