A new 24-year-old male client presents to the PMHNP for an evaluation. He reports symptoms of a marked and persistent fear of public speaking, which is frequently required for his new job. He is terrified of embarrassing himself. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of social anxiety disorder?
Low self-esteem
Sensitivity to rejection
Hypersensitivity to criticism
Decreased anxiety when accompanied by a trusted companion
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A reason: Low self-esteem is commonly associated with social anxiety disorder, contributing to excessive fear of negative evaluation.
Choice B reason: Sensitivity to rejection is typical in social anxiety disorder and may drive avoidance of social situations.
Choice C reason: Hypersensitivity to criticism is characteristic of social anxiety disorder, reinforcing fear and avoidance of social interactions.
Choice D reason: Social anxiety disorder does not typically resolve in the presence of a trusted companion; anxiety may persist regardless of supportive presence. Therefore, decreased anxiety with companionship is not a defining feature.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Panic attacks are the symptomatic episodes themselves, not the diagnosis. A diagnosis of panic disorder requires recurrent, unexpected panic attacks with persistent concern or behavioral changes related to the attacks.
Choice B reason: Panic disorder involves recurrent, unexpected panic attacks with significant concern about future attacks or their implications. This patient demonstrates multiple unprovoked episodes with accompanying worry, consistent with panic disorder.
Choice C reason: Generalized anxiety disorder involves chronic, excessive worry about multiple domains, often with tension and restlessness. The abrupt, episodic, intense fear seen here is characteristic of panic disorder rather than GAD.
Choice D reason: Substance or medication-induced panic disorder requires evidence of exposure to a causative substance. The patient denies use of substances or medications that could trigger these episodes.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Autism spectrum disorder involves social communication deficits and restricted/repetitive behaviors, but does not typically include deceleration of head growth after normal early development.
Choice B reason: This is correct. Rett syndrome, primarily affecting females, is characterized by normal early development followed by regression, deceleration of head growth (microcephaly), loss of purposeful hand skills, and social and motor impairments. The head growth deceleration at 8 months supports Rett syndrome over ASD.
Choice C reason: Global developmental delay is a diagnosis for children under 5 with delays in multiple developmental domains but does not explain the specific pattern of regression and head growth deceleration seen here.
Choice D reason: Pervasive developmental disorder is an outdated term encompassing ASD and similar conditions; it would not capture the distinctive features of Rett syndrome in this scenario.
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