A nurse assesses an audible grating sound (crepitus) when a client with osteoarthritis moves his knees. What is the cause of this sound?
Popping bursae from standing
A herniated disk in the diseased joint
Pieces of bone and cartilage floating
Years of an autoimmune process
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A reason: Popping bursae from standing is not the cause of the grating sound. Bursae are fluidfilled sacs that cushion the joints and reduce friction. Popping bursae may produce a snapping or clicking sound, but not a grating sound.
Choice B reason: A herniated disk in the diseased joint is not the cause of the grating sound. A herniated disk is a condition where the soft inner part of the intervertebral disk bulges out through a tear in the outer layer. A herniated disk may cause pain, numbness, or weakness, but not a grating sound.
Choice C reason: Pieces of bone and cartilage floating is the cause of the grating sound. Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease that causes the breakdown of the cartilage and bone in the joints. Pieces of bone and cartilage may detach and float in the joint space, causing a grating sound when the joint moves.
Choice D reason: Years of an autoimmune process is not the cause of the grating sound. An autoimmune process is a condition where the immune system attacks the body's own tissues. An autoimmune process may cause inflammation, swelling, or damage to the joints, but not a grating sound.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: Once the tissue has necrosed from high pressure, it does not regenerate is the best explanation, because it describes the mechanism and outcome of glaucoma. Glaucoma is a condition that causes increased intraocular pressure, which damages the optic nerve and the retina, the tissues that are responsible for transmitting and processing visual information. Once these tissues are necrosed, or dead, they do not regenerate, or grow back, resulting in irreversible vision loss.
Choice B reason: Glaucoma always leads to permanent blindness is not a good explanation, because it is inaccurate and pessimistic. Glaucoma does not always lead to permanent blindness, but rather to progressive vision loss that can be prevented or slowed down with early diagnosis and treatment. Glaucoma can cause peripheral vision loss, tunnel vision, or blind spots, but not necessarily complete blindness.
Choice C reason: Once retinal detachment occurs, it does not return to its normal state is not a good explanation, because it is irrelevant and misleading. Retinal detachment is a condition that occurs when the retina separates from the underlying layer of blood vessels, which can cause vision loss or blindness. However, retinal detachment is not caused by glaucoma, nor is it a common complication of glaucoma. Retinal detachment can sometimes be repaired with surgery, depending on the extent and duration of the detachment.
Choice D reason: Once bacterial infection has caused damage, the tissue does not regenerate is not a good explanation, because it is incorrect and confusing. Bacterial infection is not a cause or a consequence of glaucoma, but rather a separate condition that can affect the eye. Bacterial infection can cause inflammation, pain, discharge, or redness in the eye, but not necessarily vision loss or tissue necrosis. Bacterial infection can usually be treated with antibiotics, which can prevent or reverse the damage.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: This statement is correct and should be included in the nurse's teaching. It informs the client about the availability and benefits of adaptive devices that can enhance their home safety and independence. It also shows the nurse's empathy and respect for the client's needs and preferences.
Choice B reason: This statement is incorrect and should not be included in the nurse's teaching. It reflects the nurse's personal opinion and bias, and it may discourage the client from seeking help or expressing their pain. It also shows the nurse's lack of understanding and compassion for the client's condition and challenges.
Choice C reason: This statement is incorrect and should not be included in the nurse's teaching. It suggests an unsafe and hazardous practice that can increase the risk of falls and injuries for the client. It also shows the nurse's negligence and irresponsibility for the client's home safety.
Choice D reason: This statement is incorrect and should not be included in the nurse's teaching. It implies that the client is noncompliant and blames them for their home safety issues. It also shows the nurse's judgmental and accusatory attitude towards the client.
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