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A client has a new diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The client is distraught and does not know what to do. What intervention by the nurse is best?
Assess the client’s support system
Call the hospital clergy to speak with the client.
Explain the legal requirement to tell sex partners
Offer to tell the family for the client
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason: This is the best intervention because it helps the nurse to understand the client's emotional, social, and practical needs and resources. A new diagnosis of HIV can be a devastating and overwhelming experience for the client, who may face stigma, discrimination, isolation, or rejection from others. The nurse should assess the client's support system, such as family, friends, or community groups, that can provide comfort, guidance, and assistance to the client. The nurse should also encourage the client to seek professional counseling, peer support, or other services as needed.
Choice B reason: This is not the best intervention because it may not respect the client's preferences, beliefs, or values. The nurse should not assume that the client wants or needs spiritual or religious support, unless the client expresses such a desire. The nurse should ask the client about their spiritual or religious beliefs and practices and provide appropriate referrals or resources as requested by the client. The nurse should also respect the client's right to privacy and confidentiality and not disclose the client's diagnosis to anyone without the client's consent.
Choice C reason: This is not the best intervention because it may not be the most urgent or appropriate topic to discuss with the client at this time. The nurse should not focus on the legal or ethical aspects of the client's diagnosis, but rather on the client's emotional and physical wellbeing. The nurse should explain the legal requirement to tell sex partners in a sensitive and respectful manner, but only after the client has accepted and understood their diagnosis and has expressed readiness to disclose their status to others. The nurse should also provide the client with information and resources on how to prevent the transmission of HIV and how to protect themselves and their partners.
Choice D reason: This is not the best intervention because it may not be the client's wish or choice. The nurse should not offer to tell the family for the client, unless the client asks for such help. The nurse should respect the client's autonomy and decisionmaking regarding whom to tell and when to tell about their diagnosis. The nurse should also support the client in preparing for the possible reactions and outcomes of disclosing their status to their family and others.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: This is not the correct answer because a skin infection is not transmitted by airborne droplets. A skin infection is usually caused by bacteria, fungi, or parasites that invade the skin and cause inflammation, redness, itching, or pus. A skin infection can be contagious by direct contact with the infected area or by sharing personal items, such as towels, clothing, or razors. The client with a skin infection should be placed in isolation for contact precautions, which involve wearing gloves and gowns and using disposable equipment.
Choice B reason: This is the correct answer because a fever with cough can be a sign of a respiratory infection that is transmitted by airborne droplets. A respiratory infection is caused by viruses, bacteria, or fungi that infect the lungs, throat, or nose and cause symptoms such as fever, cough, sore throat, or difficulty breathing. A respiratory infection can be contagious by inhaling the tiny droplets that are released when the infected person coughs, sneezes, or talks. The client with a respiratory infection should be placed in isolation for airborne precautions, which involve wearing a respirator mask and placing the client in a negative pressure room.
Choice C reason: This is not the correct answer because a rash is not transmitted by airborne droplets. A rash is a change in the color, texture, or appearance of the skin that can be caused by various factors, such as allergies, infections, medications, or injuries. A rash can be contagious by direct contact with the affected skin or by sharing personal items, such as clothing, bedding, or sports equipment. The client with a rash should be placed in isolation for contact precautions, which involve wearing gloves and gowns and using disposable equipment.
Choice D reason: This is not the correct answer because heart palpitations are not transmitted by airborne droplets. Heart palpitations are the sensation of having a fast, irregular, or pounding heartbeat that can be caused by various factors, such as stress, anxiety, caffeine, nicotine, or heart conditions. Heart palpitations are not contagious and do not require isolation. The client with heart palpitations should be evaluated for the underlying cause and treated accordingly.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: Joint pain with swelling is the correct answer, because it is a common symptom of SLE. SLE is a chronic autoimmune disease that causes inflammation and damage to various organs and tissues, such as the skin, joints, kidneys, heart, and blood vessels. Joint pain with swelling is caused by the inflammation of the synovial membrane that lines the joints, which can lead to stiffness, reduced mobility, and deformity.
Choice B reason: Intense wrinkles is not the correct answer, because it is not a symptom of SLE. Intense wrinkles are a cosmetic issue that affects the appearance of the skin, not the function of the organs or tissues. Intense wrinkles are caused by the loss of collagen and elasticity in the skin, which can result from aging, sun exposure, smoking, or dehydration.
Choice C reason: Raynaud's phenomenon is not the correct answer, because it is not a symptom of SLE. Raynaud's phenomenon is a condition that affects the blood flow to the fingers and toes, not the joints or other organs. Raynaud's phenomenon is caused by the narrowing of the small arteries that supply blood to the extremities, which can result from cold, stress, or other factors.
Choice D reason: Tachycardia is not the correct answer, because it is not a symptom of SLE. Tachycardia is a condition that affects the heart rate, not the joints or other organs. Tachycardia is caused by the abnormal electrical activity of the heart, which can result from anxiety, fever, infection, or other causes.
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