This is the edited text:

A client has a new diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The client is distraught and does not know what to do. What intervention by the nurse is best?

Assess the client’s support system

Call the hospital clergy to speak with the client.

Explain the legal requirement to tell sex partners

Offer to tell the family for the client

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A reason: This is the best intervention because it helps the nurse to understand the client's emotional, social, and practical needs and resources. A new diagnosis of HIV can be a devastating and overwhelming experience for the client, who may face stigma, discrimination, isolation, or rejection from others. The nurse should assess the client's support system, such as family, friends, or community groups, that can provide comfort, guidance, and assistance to the client. The nurse should also encourage the client to seek professional counseling, peer support, or other services as needed.

Choice B reason: This is not the best intervention because it may not respect the client's preferences, beliefs, or values. The nurse should not assume that the client wants or needs spiritual or religious support, unless the client expresses such a desire. The nurse should ask the client about their spiritual or religious beliefs and practices and provide appropriate referrals or resources as requested by the client. The nurse should also respect the client's right to privacy and confidentiality and not disclose the client's diagnosis to anyone without the client's consent.

Choice C reason: This is not the best intervention because it may not be the most urgent or appropriate topic to discuss with the client at this time. The nurse should not focus on the legal or ethical aspects of the client's diagnosis, but rather on the client's emotional and physical wellbeing. The nurse should explain the legal requirement to tell sex partners in a sensitive and respectful manner, but only after the client has accepted and understood their diagnosis and has expressed readiness to disclose their status to others. The nurse should also provide the client with information and resources on how to prevent the transmission of HIV and how to protect themselves and their partners.

Choice D reason: This is not the best intervention because it may not be the client's wish or choice. The nurse should not offer to tell the family for the client, unless the client asks for such help. The nurse should respect the client's autonomy and decisionmaking regarding whom to tell and when to tell about their diagnosis. The nurse should also support the client in preparing for the possible reactions and outcomes of disclosing their status to their family and others.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: This statement is correct and should be included in the nurse's teaching. It informs the client about the availability and benefits of adaptive devices that can enhance their home safety and independence. It also shows the nurse's empathy and respect for the client's needs and preferences.

Choice B reason: This statement is incorrect and should not be included in the nurse's teaching. It reflects the nurse's personal opinion and bias, and it may discourage the client from seeking help or expressing their pain. It also shows the nurse's lack of understanding and compassion for the client's condition and challenges.

Choice C reason: This statement is incorrect and should not be included in the nurse's teaching. It suggests an unsafe and hazardous practice that can increase the risk of falls and injuries for the client. It also shows the nurse's negligence and irresponsibility for the client's home safety.

Choice D reason: This statement is incorrect and should not be included in the nurse's teaching. It implies that the client is noncompliant and blames them for their home safety issues. It also shows the nurse's judgmental and accusatory attitude towards the client.

A. Flush the exposed skin with water B. Report the exposure C. Seek medical attention D. Complete an incident report

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: Flushing the exposed skin with water is the first action that the nurse should take if they are stuck by a needle. This is to reduce the amount of blood or body fluid that may have entered the wound and to prevent infection. The nurse should flush the skin for at least 15 minutes and avoid using soap, antiseptic, or bleach as they may damage the skin or increase the risk of infection.

Choice B reason: Reporting the exposure is the second action that the nurse should take after flushing the exposed skin with water. This is to inform the supervisor, the occupational health department, or the infection control team about the incident and to initiate the postexposure protocol. The nurse should provide the details of the exposure, such as the type and source of the needle, the depth and location of the wound, and the status of the source patient.

Choice C reason: Seeking medical attention is the third action that the nurse should take after reporting the exposure. This is to receive a medical evaluation and treatment, such as testing, prophylaxis, counseling, and followup. The nurse should consult a health care provider as soon as possible and follow the recommendations for preventing or treating any potential infections, such as hepatitis B, hepatitis C, or HIV.

Choice D reason: Completing an incident report is the last action that the nurse should take after seeking medical attention. This is to document the exposure and the actions taken and to identify the causes and the preventive measures for the future. The nurse should fill out the incident report form accurately and objectively and submit it to the appropriate authority. The incident report is not a part of the client's record and should not be mentioned in the client's chart.

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This is the edited text:A client has a new diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The client is distraught and does not know what to do. What intervention by the nurse is best?

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This is the edited text:

A client has a new diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The client is distraught and does not know what to do. What intervention by the nurse is best?