A nurse at the clinic is involved in disease surveillance. What level of prevention is this?

Choice A rationale
Sitting quietly and engaging the client can be supportive, but it may not be sufficient to establish rapport. While presence is important, it lacks the active engagement and therapeutic techniques needed to build a connection.
Choice B rationale
Using open-ended questions starting with “I want time to think and reflect” is not appropriate in this context. Open-ended questions are useful, but the phrasing here is not conducive to therapeutic communication and may confuse the client.
Choice C rationale
Using therapeutic communication techniques is the correct approach. These techniques include active listening, empathy, and validation, which are essential for building rapport and trust with the client. They help the client feel understood and supported.
Choice D rationale
Offering tissues and a comforting presence is supportive but not sufficient on its own. While it shows empathy, it does not actively engage the client in a therapeutic manner to establish rapport.

Choice A rationale
Quasi-experimental research involves the manipulation of an independent variable to determine its effect on a dependent variable, similar to experimental research. However, quasi-experimental designs lack random assignment to groups, which can limit the ability to infer causality. Despite this limitation, quasi-experimental designs are valuable for studying causal relationships in real-world settings where random assignment is not feasible.
Choice B rationale

Correlational research examines the relationship between two or more variables without manipulating any variables. It does not involve the manipulation of an independent variable or the use of control groups, making it distinct from quasi-experimental research.
Choice C rationale
Qualitative research focuses on exploring and understanding the meaning and experiences of individuals through methods such as interviews, observations, and content analysis. It does not involve the manipulation of variables or the use of experimental designs, making it distinct from quasi-experimental research.
Choice D rationale
Quantitative research involves the collection and analysis of numerical data to identify patterns, relationships, and trends. While quasi-experimental research is a type of quantitative research, not all quantitative research involves quasi-experimental designs. Quantitative research can also include experimental, correlational, and descriptive designs.