A nurse in a clinic is caring for a client who has alcohol use disorder. The client reports frequent bruising and nosebleeds. Which of the following conditions should the nurse suspect?
Diabetes mellitus
Hepatitis A
Cirrhosis
Cholecystitis
The Correct Answer is C
A. Diabetes mellitus
Diabetes mellitus can cause easy bruising and slow wound healing, but it is not typically associated with frequent nosebleeds.
B. Hepatitis A
Hepatitis A primarily affects the liver and does not cause frequent bruising and nosebleeds.
C. Cirrhosis
Cirrhosis, which is scarring of the liver tissue due to long-term liver damage, can lead to impaired liver function. One consequence of cirrhosis is decreased production of clotting factors, which can result in easy bruising. Additionally, the enlarged spleen in cirrhosis can lead to thrombocytopenia (low platelet count), contributing to bleeding tendencies, including nosebleeds. Cirrhosis is the most likely condition given the symptoms described.
D. Cholecystitis
Cholecystitis is inflammation of the gallbladder and is not directly associated with frequent bruising and nosebleeds.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Oatmeal: Oatmeal is often considered a bland and low-acid food that can be soothing for individuals with GERD. It's generally not a trigger for GERD symptoms and can be included in the diet of someone with this condition.
B. Non-fat milk: Non-fat milk and other low-fat dairy products are often recommended for individuals with GERD. However, individual tolerance varies, and some people might find that milk triggers their symptoms. It's best for the patient to monitor their own reactions to dairy products.
C. Chocolate: Chocolate is known to relax the lower esophageal sphincter, allowing stomach acid to flow back into the esophagus. For many people with GERD, chocolate can exacerbate symptoms and is typically advised to be avoided.
D. Apples: Apples are generally considered a safe and healthy food for individuals with GERD. However, some people may find that raw apples trigger their symptoms due to their natural acidity. Cooking or baking apples can often make them more tolerable for people with GERD.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Slight bleeding of the stoma site: This is typically normal in the immediate postoperative period. It's caused by surgical trauma and should improve with time. However, if it becomes excessive, it should be reported.
B. Purplish colored stoma: A purplish or bluish color of the stoma can be an indication of inadequate blood supply (ischemia). This is a concerning finding and should be reported promptly to the provider.
C. No stool noted in the collection bag: It's normal not to have stool in the collection bag immediately after surgery since the digestive system needs time to resume normal function. This is usually not a concern within the first 12 hours postoperatively. However, if it continues beyond this time frame, it should be reported.
D. Edematous stoma: Some edema or swelling around the stoma site can be normal initially after surgery. However, if the stoma becomes significantly edematous or starts to compromise blood flow, this should be reported to the provider.
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