A nurse in a healthcare provider’s office is caring for a patient who is at 34 weeks of gestation and at risk for placental abruption.
The nurse should recognize that which of the following is the most common risk factor for abruption?
Cigarette smoking.
Hypertension.
Blunt force trauma.
Cocaine use.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale
While cigarette smoking can increase the risk of many complications during pregnancy, including placental abruption, it is not the most common risk factor. Smoking can cause constriction and damage to the blood vessels in the placenta, but other factors, such as hypertension, are more commonly associated with placental abruption.
Choice B rationale
Hypertension is the most common risk factor for placental abruption. High blood pressure can cause damage to the blood vessels in the placenta, leading to abruption. Chronic hypertension, gestational hypertension, and preeclampsia can all increase a woman’s risk of experiencing a placental abruption.
Choice C rationale
Blunt force trauma, such as that experienced in a car accident or a fall, can cause placental abruption, but it is not the most common risk factor. Any trauma to the abdomen during pregnancy should be evaluated by a healthcare provider to assess for potential complications, including placental abruption.
Choice D rationale
Cocaine use can increase the risk of placental abruption. Cocaine causes intense vasoconstriction, which can compromise the blood flow to the placenta and lead to abruption. However, it is not the most common risk factor for this condition.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
The correct answer is: d. Right lower
Choice A: Right upper
Reason: The right upper quadrant is not typically where fetal heart tones are auscultated when the fetal back is on the right side and the head is in the lower part of the uterus. This area is more likely to be associated with the breech presentation if the fetus’s head is in the fundus.
Choice B: Left upper
Reason: The left upper quadrant would be considered if the fetal back was on the left side and the head was in the fundus. Since the nurse palpated the fetal back on the right side, this option is not applicable.
Choice C: Left lower
Reason: The left lower quadrant would be relevant if the fetal back was on the left side and the head was in the lower part of the uterus. Given the fetal back is on the right side, this is not the correct location.
Choice D: Right lower
Reason: The correct answer is the right lower quadrant. When the nurse palpates a round, firm, movable part (likely the head) in the fundus and a long, smooth surface (the back) on the right side, it indicates that the fetus is in a cephalic (head-down) position with its back on the right. Therefore, the fetal heart tones are best auscultated in the right lower quadrant.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Estrogen is a hormone that plays a crucial role in pregnancy. It helps develop the placenta and triggers increased blood volume and flow throughout pregnancy. However, it is not the primary hormone responsible for maintaining pregnancy.
Choice B rationale
Oxytocin is a hormone that plays a key role in labor and breastfeeding. It causes contractions during labor and helps eject milk during breastfeeding. However, it is not the primary hormone responsible for maintaining pregnancy.
Choice C rationale
Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is a hormone produced during pregnancy. It is made almost exclusively in the placenta and its main function is to maintain the corpus luteum in the ovary and stimulate it to produce progesterone. However, hCG itself is not the primary hormone responsible for maintaining pregnancy.
Choice D rationale
Progesterone is the primary hormone responsible for maintaining pregnancy. It prevents the uterine muscles from contracting prematurely, which could lead to a miscarriage or preterm birth.
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