A nurse in a pediatric clinic is reviewing the laboratory results of a school-age child. Which of the following findings indicates the child may have a potential bacterial infection?

Rationale:

A. Disconnecting the catheter from the drainage bag to empty the bag: This increases the risk of introducing pathogens into the closed urinary drainage system, leading to potential catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs). The drainage bag should be emptied without breaking the system.

B. Emptying the drainage bag when it is half full: This prevents backflow of urine, which could lead to infection or increased bladder pressure. Regular emptying also allows for accurate measurement of urine output and maintains client comfort.

C. Keeping the drainage bag above waist level: Elevating the bag above the bladder increases the risk of backflow of urine into the bladder, which can introduce bacteria and cause infection. The bag should always remain below the level of the bladder.

D. Using sterile gloves when emptying the drainage bag: Sterile gloves are not necessary for this procedure. Clean gloves are sufficient since the nurse or AP is not entering the sterile parts of the urinary system but rather emptying the bag from the outlet port.

Rationale:

A. Administer a dose of atomoxetine to decrease anxiety: Atomoxetine is a non-stimulant medication used primarily for ADHD, not for acute anxiety or panic attacks. It is not effective for treating panic symptoms and is not appropriate in this situation.

B. Sit with the client to provide a sense of security: Remaining with the client during a panic attack helps reduce fear, provides emotional support, and ensures safety. Calm presence and reassurance are essential to help the client regain a sense of control.

C. Encourage the client to watch television: Watching television requires attention and focus, which may be impaired during a panic attack. This suggestion does not address the immediate need for safety, calm, and emotional support.

D. Teach the client how to meditate: Teaching new coping techniques during a panic attack may be ineffective, as the client is overwhelmed and unable to concentrate. Such strategies are better introduced when the client is calm and receptive.