A nurse in a prenatal clinic is determining a client's estimated date of delivery using Naegele's rule.
The first day of her last menstrual period was April 4, 2023.
Which of the following dates should the nurse tell the client is her estimated date of delivery (EDD)?

Choice A rationale:

Maternal hypertension is the most common risk factor for placental abruption. Placental abruption is a serious condition where the placenta partially or completely separates from the uterine wall before the baby is born. This separation can lead to significant bleeding, which is a medical emergency. Hypertension, also known as high blood pressure, can cause damage to the blood vessels in the placenta, making it more likely for placental abruption to occur. High blood pressure can lead to decreased blood flow to the placenta, increasing the risk of separation.

Choice B rationale:

Maternal battering, while a concerning issue during pregnancy, is not the most common risk factor for placental abruption. Placental abruption is primarily associated with maternal medical conditions and factors that affect the uterine environment.

Choice C rationale:

Maternal cigarette smoking can have adverse effects on pregnancy, but it is not the most common risk factor for placental abruption. Smoking is more commonly associated with other complications such as low birth weight and preterm birth.

Choice D rationale:

Maternal cocaine use is a risk factor for placental abruption, but it is not the most common one. Cocaine can constrict blood vessels and reduce blood flow to the placenta, increasing the risk of abruption. However, hypertension remains the most prevalent risk factor.

The normal sequence of postpartum vaginal discharge, known as lochia, follows this order:

D. Lochia rubra, lochia serosa, lochia alba.

Here's a quick breakdown:

• Lochia rubra (Days 1–4): Bright red discharge with blood, mucus, and tissue.

• Lochia serosa (Days 4–10): Pinkish or brownish discharge as bleeding slows.

• Lochia alba (Days 10–6 weeks): Yellowish-white discharge as the body completes healing.