A nurse is administering medications to a client and realizes the client received clonidine rather than the prescribed clonazepam.
After checking the client's blood pressure, which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
Notify the client's provider of the incident.
Complete an incident report describing the details of the incident.
Review the possible adverse effects of clonidine.
Administer clonazepam to the client as prescribed.
None
None
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale
Notifying the client's provider is the first and most critical step. The provider needs to be immediately informed of the medication error, as they are responsible for assessing the client's current condition, determining the potential impact of the incorrect medication, and ordering necessary interventions or monitoring.
Choice B rationale
Completing an incident report is important for quality improvement and safety, but it should be done after the immediate safety of the client has been addressed and the provider has been notified. The priority is always patient well-being and clinical management.
Choice C rationale
While reviewing possible adverse effects is part of understanding the situation, the nurse's primary action should be to involve the prescribing authority. The provider can then provide specific guidance for monitoring and management based on the client's individual health status.
Choice D rationale
Administering clonazepam as prescribed should be done once the immediate risk from the clonidine has been assessed and managed, and the provider has given appropriate instructions. Giving the correct medication immediately without assessing the impact of the error could be premature or harmful.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Insulin lispro is a rapid-acting insulin used to manage hyperglycemia in clients with diabetes mellitus. Its primary mechanism involves facilitating glucose uptake into cells and inhibiting hepatic glucose production. It does not directly mitigate the adverse effects, such as myelosuppression and gastrointestinal issues, associated with topotecan, a topoisomerase I inhibitor used in chemotherapy.
Choice B rationale
Granisetron is a serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, primarily used to prevent nausea and vomiting induced by chemotherapy. It works by blocking serotonin's action on vagal nerve terminals and in the chemoreceptor trigger zone in the brainstem. This action effectively controls a common and distressing adverse effect of topotecan, thereby improving client comfort and compliance.
Choice C rationale
Magnesium sulfate is an electrolyte replacement and smooth muscle relaxant. It is used in conditions like pre-eclampsia, eclampsia, and hypomagnesemia. Its physiological effects involve stabilizing neuronal excitability and reducing uterine contractions. It is not indicated for the management of topotecan's adverse effects, which predominantly involve myelosuppression and gastrointestinal toxicity.
Choice D rationale
Prednisone is a corticosteroid with potent anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. It is used to treat various conditions, including autoimmune disorders, allergic reactions, and some cancers. While it can reduce inflammation, it does not specifically target the common adverse effects of topotecan, such as myelosuppression and gastrointestinal disturbances.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Distribution refers to the reversible movement of a drug from the systemic circulation to the body's tissues. While food can indirectly influence distribution by altering blood flow or protein binding, its primary and most direct impact on drug pharmacokinetics is not typically on the distribution phase itself.
Choice B rationale
Metabolism, primarily occurring in the liver, involves the biochemical modification of drugs. While some foods can induce or inhibit metabolic enzymes, the direct and immediate effect of the presence of food at the time of administration is typically not on the rate of drug metabolism but rather on the initial entry into the systemic circulation.
Choice C rationale
Excretion is the elimination of drugs from the body, mainly through the kidneys. Food generally does not directly influence the rate of drug excretion, which is primarily dependent on renal function, glomerular filtration, tubular secretion, and reabsorption processes.
Choice D rationale
Absorption is the process by which a drug moves from its site of administration into the bloodstream. The presence of food in the gastrointestinal tract can significantly alter the rate and extent of oral drug absorption by affecting gastric emptying time, pH, drug solubility, and interaction with food components.
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