A nurse is admitting a child who has bacterial meningitis. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
Initiate antibiotic therapy for the child.
Minimize the child's environmental stimuli.
Place the child in a side-lying position.
Administer pain medication to the child.
The Correct Answer is A
A. Initiate antibiotic therapy for the child.
This is the priority action. Bacterial meningitis is a medical emergency, and prompt administration of antibiotics is crucial to treat the infection and prevent further complications. Therefore, the nurse should initiate antibiotic therapy as soon as possible after obtaining appropriate cultures.
B. Minimize the child's environmental stimuli.
While reducing environmental stimuli can help decrease the child's discomfort and prevent agitation, it is not the priority action when managing bacterial meningitis. Treating the underlying infection takes precedence to prevent serious complications such as neurological damage or septic shock.
C. Place the child in a side-lying position.
Positioning the child on their side may help prevent aspiration if vomiting occurs, but it is not the priority action in the initial management of bacterial meningitis. The child's positioning can be adjusted as needed once antibiotic therapy has been initiated.
D. Administer pain medication to the child.
Pain management is important for the child's comfort, but it is not the priority action when managing bacterial meningitis. The child's pain may be addressed once antibiotic therapy has been initiated and the child's condition has stabilized.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. "Avoid immunizing your child with the meningococcal vaccine."
This statement is incorrect. Children with sickle cell anemia are at increased risk of infections, including meningococcal disease. Immunization with the meningococcal vaccine is recommended to help prevent this serious infection.
B. "Restrict the time your child spends playing outdoors."
While it's important for children with sickle cell anemia to avoid extreme temperatures and stay hydrated to prevent triggering a vaso-occlusive crisis, completely restricting outdoor playtime may not be necessary. It's essential to encourage appropriate hydration and dress warmly in cold weather but allowing outdoor play in moderation can be beneficial for physical activity and socialization.
C. "Increase your child's intake of oral fluids."
This is a correct statement. Adequate hydration is crucial for children with sickle cell anemia to help prevent vaso-occlusive crises and maintain overall health. Increasing oral fluid intake, particularly water, can help prevent dehydration and promote circulation of sickle-shaped red blood cells.
D. "Provide your child with a high-protein diet."
This is also a correct statement. A diet rich in high-quality protein can help support healthy growth and development in children with sickle cell anemia. Protein is important for building and repairing tissues, including red blood cells. However, it's essential to ensure a balanced diet that includes a variety of nutrients, not just protein.
Correct Answer is ["A","B","C"]
Explanation
A. Thicken the infant's formula with cereal: Thickening the infant's formula with cereal can help reduce the likelihood of regurgitation by increasing its viscosity and promoting better gastric emptying. This can help decrease the frequency and severity of gastroesophageal reflux episodes.
B. Avoid giving the infant citrus juices: Citrus juices are acidic and can exacerbate gastroesophageal reflux symptoms in infants. Avoiding citrus juices can help reduce the acidity of the stomach contents, potentially decreasing the likelihood of regurgitation.
C. Position the child with their head elevated after meals: Keeping the infant in an upright position with the head elevated after meals can help prevent regurgitation by reducing the likelihood of gastric contents flowing back into the esophagus. This position facilitates gravity-assisted digestion and minimizes pressure on the lower esophageal sphincter.
D. Place the infant's head on a soft pillow while sleeping: Placing the infant's head on a soft pillow while sleeping is not recommended as it increases the risk of suffocation and sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). Infants should always be placed on their back to sleep in a flat, firm surface without pillows or soft bedding to reduce the risk of adverse events.
E. Administer an antiemetic to the infant: Administering an antiemetic to the infant is not typically indicated for the management of gastroesophageal reflux in infants, especially as a preventive measure. Antiemetics may have potential side effects and should only be used under the guidance of a healthcare provider for specific indications.
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