A nurse is admitting a client who has diabetic ketoacidosis. Which of the following types of continuous infusions should the nurse initiate?
0.9% normal saline
0.45% saline
Glargine insulin
NPH insulin
The Correct Answer is A
A. 0.9% normal saline: Initial fluid resuscitation in diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) requires isotonic fluids like 0.9% normal saline to restore intravascular volume, improve perfusion, and correct electrolyte imbalances. This is the first-line intervention before initiating insulin therapy.
B. 0.45% saline: Half-normal saline is hypotonic and may be used later in DKA management if the client is stable and serum sodium is elevated. It is not appropriate as the initial continuous infusion because it does not provide adequate intravascular volume replacement.
C. Glargine insulin: Glargine is a long-acting insulin used for basal glucose control, not for acute management of DKA. Continuous IV insulin is required to rapidly reduce blood glucose and ketone levels.
D. NPH insulin: NPH is an intermediate-acting insulin administered subcutaneously. It is not suitable for continuous IV infusion in DKA, as IV insulin is preferred for rapid and controlled glucose reduction.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Ritualistic behavior: Ritualistic or repetitive behaviors are characteristic of obsessive-compulsive or obsessive-compulsive personality disorder, not narcissistic personality disorder. These behaviors reflect a need for control rather than grandiosity or self-centeredness.
B. Preoccupied with aging: Clients with narcissistic personality disorder often exhibit preoccupation with self-image, physical appearance, and how aging affects their attractiveness or status. Concerns about aging align with the disorder’s core features of vanity and self-importance.
C. Exhibits separation anxiety: Separation anxiety is typically observed in anxiety disorders, particularly in children, and is not a hallmark feature of narcissistic personality disorder, which centers on self-esteem regulation and interpersonal manipulation.
D. Suspicious of others: Suspiciousness is more characteristic of paranoid personality disorder. While narcissistic clients may be sensitive to criticism, pervasive distrust of others is not a defining trait of narcissistic personality disorder.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. "This type of seizure can be mistaken for daydreaming.": Absence seizures are brief, sudden episodes of impaired consciousness, often with staring and subtle motor activity. Because these episodes are very short and the child resumes normal activity immediately, they can easily be misinterpreted as inattentiveness or daydreaming.
B. "This type of seizure lasts 30 to 60 seconds.": Absence seizures are typically very brief, usually lasting 5 to 10 seconds, rarely up to 15 seconds. A duration of 30 to 60 seconds is longer than expected and more characteristic of other seizure types.
C. "The child usually has an aura prior to onset.": Absence seizures do not usually have a preceding aura. Auras are more commonly associated with focal or partial seizures, not generalized absence seizures.
D. "This type of seizure has a gradual onset.": Absence seizures have a sudden onset and end abruptly. There is no gradual buildup of symptoms, which helps differentiate them from other neurological or behavioral events.
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