A nurse is assessing a 2-year-old toddler.

Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

The correct answer is choicea. Swelling of the face.

Choice A rationale:

Swelling of the face can be a sign of preeclampsia, a serious condition that requires immediate medical attention.Preeclampsia can lead to complications for both the mother and the baby if not managed properly.

Choice B rationale:

Urinary frequency is a common symptom during pregnancy due to hormonal changes and the growing uterus pressing on the bladder.It is generally not a cause for concern unless accompanied by other symptoms like pain or burning during urination.

Choice C rationale:

Faintness upon rising, also known as orthostatic hypotension, is common in pregnancy due to changes in blood circulation.It can often be managed by rising slowly and ensuring adequate hydration.

Choice D rationale:

Bleeding gums are common during pregnancy due to hormonal changes that increase blood flow to the gums, making them more sensitive and prone to bleeding.Good oral hygiene can help manage this symptom.

The correct answer is Choice D, "We can provide a copy of your records, but the therapist's notes are not included."

Rationale for Choice A:

• Puts the client on the defensive:Asking "Why are you interested in seeing your therapist's notes?" can make the client feel like they need to justify their request,potentially leading to defensiveness or withdrawal.
• May not uncover true motivation:The client may not feel comfortable revealing their true reasons for wanting to see the notes,and this approach could hinder open communication.
• Undermines client autonomy:It's important to respect the client's right to access their own information,even if it's not always beneficial.Questioning their motives could make them feel less empowered in their treatment.

Rationale for Choice B:

• Paternalistic and dismissive:Saying "I don't think you will benefit from reviewing your therapist's notes right now" assumes that the nurse knows what's best for the client without exploring their perspective.
• Discourages open communication:It shuts down conversation and may prevent the client from expressing their concerns or needs.
• Could damage therapeutic relationship:By dismissing the client's request,the nurse risks eroding trust and rapport,which are essential for effective therapy.

Rationale for Choice C:

• Assumes dissatisfaction with treatment:Asking "Are you not happy with your treatment?" immediately focuses on potential problems rather than understanding the client's motivations.
• May not be accurate:The client's request may not stem from dissatisfaction with treatment but rather from curiosity,a desire for control,or other reasons.
• Could create unnecessary anxiety:Raising concerns about treatment satisfaction without proper exploration could create anxiety or doubts in the client's mind.

Rationale for Choice D:

• Clear and informative:It directly addresses the client's request while providing accurate information about the availability of records.
• Protects therapist's notes:It upholds the therapist's right to maintain confidentiality of their thought processes and clinical impressions.
• Offers alternative solutions:It suggests that the client can access other parts of their record,potentially addressing their underlying need for information.
• Professional and respectful:It maintains professional boundaries and respects the client's right to information without disclosing protected notes.