A nurse is assessing a client who has muscarinic agonist poisoning. Following administration of atropine, which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the treatment has been effective?
Hyperactive bowel sounds
Heart rate 90/min
Blood pressure 90/50 mm Hg
Increased salivation
The Correct Answer is B
A. Hyperactive bowel sounds: Muscarinic agonist poisoning typically results in increased gastrointestinal motility and hyperactive bowel sounds. Atropine, an anticholinergic medication, works by blocking muscarinic receptors and reducing gastrointestinal motility. Therefore, the presence of hyperactive bowel sounds may indicate ongoing muscarinic stimulation and inadequate treatment with atropine.
B. Heart rate 90/min: Atropine is an anticholinergic medication that increases heart rate by blocking the parasympathetic effects of acetylcholine on the heart. Bradycardia is a common manifestation of muscarinic agonist poisoning, and an increase in heart rate following atropine administration indicates reversal of this effect and effective treatment.
C. Blood pressure 90/50 mm Hg: Atropine administration may result in transient hypertension due to its effect on increasing heart rate and cardiac output. Hypotension is a common
manifestation of muscarinic agonist poisoning, and an increase in blood pressure following atropine administration may indicate improvement in cardiovascular function. Therefore, a blood pressure of 90/50 mm Hg may not necessarily indicate effective treatment with atropine.
D. Increased salivation: Muscarinic agonist poisoning typically results in excessive salivation (sialorrhea) due to stimulation of muscarinic receptors in the salivary glands. Atropine administration works by blocking these muscarinic receptors and reducing salivation. Therefore, increased salivation would indicate ongoing muscarinic stimulation and inadequate treatment with atropine.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Clindamycin is associated with a common adverse effect of watery diarrhea, which may indicate Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea (CDAD) or pseudomembranous colitis.
B. Blurred vision is not a typical adverse effect of clindamycin.
C. Hypertension is not a typical adverse effect of clindamycin.
D. Agitation is not a typical adverse effect of clindamycin.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Heart rate is important to monitor, but it is not the most immediate indicator of a life-threatening complication from midazolam. Changes in heart rate can occur, but they are usually secondary to respiratory issues.
B. Oxygen saturation is the priority because midazolam, a benzodiazepine, can cause respiratory depression and airway compromise. Monitoring oxygenation allows for rapid detection of hypoxia, which is the most immediate risk during moderate sedation.
C. Level of consciousness should be assessed, as midazolam causes sedation and can lead to oversedation. However, airway and breathing take priority over neurological assessment in this situation.
D. Temperature is not significantly affected by midazolam and is not an immediate concern during moderate sedation. It is therefore the lowest priority among the options provided.
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