A nurse is assessing a client who has muscarinic agonist poisoning. Following administration of atropine, which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the treatment has been effective?
Hyperactive bowel sounds
Heart rate 90/min
Blood pressure 90/50 mm Hg
Increased salivation
The Correct Answer is B
A. Hyperactive bowel sounds: Muscarinic agonist poisoning typically results in increased gastrointestinal motility and hyperactive bowel sounds. Atropine, an anticholinergic medication, works by blocking muscarinic receptors and reducing gastrointestinal motility. Therefore, the presence of hyperactive bowel sounds may indicate ongoing muscarinic stimulation and inadequate treatment with atropine.
B. Heart rate 90/min: Atropine is an anticholinergic medication that increases heart rate by blocking the parasympathetic effects of acetylcholine on the heart. Bradycardia is a common manifestation of muscarinic agonist poisoning, and an increase in heart rate following atropine administration indicates reversal of this effect and effective treatment.
C. Blood pressure 90/50 mm Hg: Atropine administration may result in transient hypertension due to its effect on increasing heart rate and cardiac output. Hypotension is a common
manifestation of muscarinic agonist poisoning, and an increase in blood pressure following atropine administration may indicate improvement in cardiovascular function. Therefore, a blood pressure of 90/50 mm Hg may not necessarily indicate effective treatment with atropine.
D. Increased salivation: Muscarinic agonist poisoning typically results in excessive salivation (sialorrhea) due to stimulation of muscarinic receptors in the salivary glands. Atropine administration works by blocking these muscarinic receptors and reducing salivation. Therefore, increased salivation would indicate ongoing muscarinic stimulation and inadequate treatment with atropine.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Peripheral edema: Peripheral edema is not a commonly reported adverse effect of paroxetine.
It is more commonly associated with medications such as calcium channel blockers and certain antihypertensive agents.
B. Alopecia: Alopecia, or hair loss, is not a commonly reported adverse effect of paroxetine. Hair loss is more commonly associated with certain chemotherapy agents and other medications.
C. Drowsiness: Drowsiness is a common side effect of paroxetine and other selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). Clients should be advised to monitor for drowsiness, especially when starting the medication or adjusting the dosage. Drowsiness can affect activities such as driving or operating machinery and may indicate the need for dosage adjustment or medication change.
D. Tinnitus: Tinnitus, or ringing in the ears, is not a commonly reported adverse effect of paroxetine. It is more commonly associated with medications such as certain antibiotics (e.g., aminoglycosides) and high-dose aspirin.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Treatment for active pulmonary tuberculosis typically lasts 6 to 9 months, not 3 years.
B. Monitoring kidney function is not typically required for tuberculosis medication; however, liver function tests may be needed.
C. Tuberculin skin tests are used for diagnosis, not for monitoring treatment progress.
D. Treatment of active pulmonary tuberculosis usually involves a combination of antibiotics, typically two or more medications, to prevent the development of drug-resistant strains.
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