A nurse is assessing a client with ESRD and asks about their history of kidney stones. Which statement by the client requires further evaluation by the nurse?

"I had kidney stones in the past, but they were successfully treated."

"I have a family history of kidney stones, and my sister also had ESRD."

"I had kidney stones once, but I changed my diet to avoid them."

"I never had kidney stones, but I have a history of hypertension and diabetes."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. This statement is reassuring. The client's history of kidney stones in the past does not directly contribute to their current diagnosis of ESRD if the stones were successfully treated. However, it may still be relevant to their overall kidney health and risk factors.

B. This statement is concerning. Family history of kidney stones and a sister with ESRD may indicate a genetic predisposition to kidney disease and warrants further evaluation.

C. This statement is positive. Changing the diet to avoid kidney stones is a proactive step to protect kidney health and reduce the risk of kidney damage.

D. This statement requires further evaluation by the nurse. While hypertension and diabetes are well-known risk factors for ESRD, the absence of kidney stones does not rule out other potential causes or risk factors for the client's current diagnosis.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. This is incorrect. ESRD leads to decreased urine output and excessive thirst due to impaired kidney function, not increased urine output.

B. This is correct. Swelling of the legs and ankles, also known as edema, is a common symptom of ESRD. Kidney failure causes fluid retention and electrolyte imbalances, leading to edema in the lower extremities and other body parts.

C. This is incorrect. Clients with ESRD often experience poor appetite and unintended weight loss due to the accumulation of waste products in the body.

D. This is incorrect. ESRD is often associated with hypertension and other cardiovascular complications. Clients with ESRD may experience symptoms such as high blood pressure, shortness of breath, and chest pain.

A. "Regularly monitoring your blood pressure and keeping it under control can help slow the progression of kidney disease." B. "Engaging in regular exercise and maintaining a healthy weight can increase the risk of CKD progression." C. "Increasing your dietary intake of sodium and protein can slow down the progression of kidney disease." D. "Smoking and regular alcohol consumption have no effect on the progression of CKD."

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. This is correct. High blood pressure is a significant risk factor for the progression of chronic kidney disease. Regularly monitoring blood pressure and maintaining it within the recommended target range can help slow the decline in kidney function and reduce the risk of complications associated with kidney disease.

B. This is incorrect. Regular exercise and maintaining a healthy weight are generally beneficial for overall health, including cardiovascular health. However, they do not increase the risk of CKD progression. In fact, they may help improve blood pressure control and reduce the risk of kidney disease progression.

C. This is incorrect. Increasing dietary intake of sodium and protein can be harmful to individuals with kidney disease. High sodium intake can contribute to fluid retention and increased blood pressure, while excessive protein intake can place additional stress on the kidneys. Clients with CKD are often advised to follow a low-sodium and moderate-protein diet to protect kidney function.

D. This is incorrect. Smoking and regular alcohol consumption can have harmful effects on the kidneys and overall health. Smoking is a risk factor for kidney disease progression, and excessive alcohol consumption can contribute to high blood pressure and other health issues that may worsen kidney function.

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A nurse is assessing a client with ESRD and asks about their history of kidney stones. Which statement by the client requires further evaluation by the nurse?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client with ESRD asks the nurse about the common symptoms they may experience. Which response by the nurse is accurate?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A client with chronic kidney disease (CKD. asks the nurse about the risk factors that may accelerate the progression of kidney disease. Which response by the nurse is accurate?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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