A nurse is assessing a client with ESRD and asks about their history of kidney stones. Which statement by the client requires further evaluation by the nurse?

"I had kidney stones in the past, but they were successfully treated."

"I have a family history of kidney stones, and my sister also had ESRD."

"I had kidney stones once, but I changed my diet to avoid them."

"I never had kidney stones, but I have a history of hypertension and diabetes."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. This statement is reassuring. The client's history of kidney stones in the past does not directly contribute to their current diagnosis of ESRD if the stones were successfully treated. However, it may still be relevant to their overall kidney health and risk factors.

B. This statement is concerning. Family history of kidney stones and a sister with ESRD may indicate a genetic predisposition to kidney disease and warrants further evaluation.

C. This statement is positive. Changing the diet to avoid kidney stones is a proactive step to protect kidney health and reduce the risk of kidney damage.

D. This statement requires further evaluation by the nurse. While hypertension and diabetes are well-known risk factors for ESRD, the absence of kidney stones does not rule out other potential causes or risk factors for the client's current diagnosis.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. This is correct. Family history of diabetes is a significant risk factor for the development of ESRD. Diabetes is one of the leading causes of ESRD, and individuals with a family history of diabetes are at increased risk of kidney complications.

B. This is incorrect because being physically active and maintaining a healthy lifestyle do not increase the risk of ESRD. In fact, a healthy lifestyle can help reduce the risk of developing kidney disease.

C. This is incorrect because having a history of frequent kidney stones is not associated with a decreased risk of ESRD. In some cases, recurrent kidney stones may lead to chronic kidney disease, which can progress to ESRD.

D. This is incorrect because high blood pressure (hypertension) is a significant risk factor for the development and progression of ESRD. Uncontrolled hypertension can lead to damage to the blood vessels in the kidneys, contributing to kidney disease.

A. Skin rash and itching B. Numbness and tingling in extremities C. Decreased urine output D. Increased blood pressure

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. This is not the priority assessment for this client. Skin rash and itching are common in ESRD due to the accumulation of waste products in the bloodstream, but it is not the most critical finding among the options given.

B. This is not the priority assessment for this client. Numbness and tingling in extremities can be related to neuropathy, which can occur in ESRD, but it is not the most critical finding among the options given.

C. This is the priority assessment for the client with ESRD. Decreased urine output is a significant symptom of kidney failure and requires immediate attention. It may indicate worsening kidney function or complications that need to be addressed promptly.

D. This is not the priority assessment for this client. While increased blood pressure can be a complication of ESRD, decreased urine output takes precedence in this situation.

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A nurse is assessing a client with ESRD and asks about their history of kidney stones. Which statement by the client requires further evaluation by the nurse?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is discussing the risk factors for ESRD with a client. Which client statement indicates a correct understanding of the risk factors for ESRD?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client with ESRD and notices that the client is experiencing fatigue and weakness. Which assessment finding should the nurse prioritize for this client?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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