A nurse is assessing a client with nephrotic syndrome for signs of hypoalbuminemia. What clinical manifestation should the nurse expect to observe?

Elevated blood pressure and fluid overload.

Muscle weakness and fatigue.

Hyperactivity and restlessness.

Pallor and cold extremities.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Incorrect. Elevated blood pressure and fluid overload are more indicative of fluid retention and hypertension in nephrotic syndrome, not hypoalbuminemia.

B. Correct. Hypoalbuminemia, a common feature of nephrotic syndrome, results from the loss of albumin (a protein) in the urine. Low albumin levels can lead to muscle weakness and fatigue due to decreased oncotic pressure in the blood vessels, resulting in fluid shifting from the blood vessels to the interstitial spaces.

C. Incorrect. Hyperactivity and restlessness are not typical manifestations of hypoalbuminemia and nephrotic syndrome.

D. Incorrect. Pallor and cold extremities are not directly related to hypoalbuminemia and are not specific to nephrotic syndrome.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Incorrect. Increasing sodium intake would worsen edema and fluid retention in clients with nephrotic syndrome, as sodium contributes to fluid retention.

B. Incorrect. While protein intake may need to be adjusted in nephrotic syndrome, a low-protein diet is not typically indicated, as clients may already have protein loss in the urine.

C. Incorrect. Encouraging fluid restriction is not recommended in nephrotic syndrome, as it may lead to dehydration and worsen edema due to hypoalbuminemia.

D. Correct. A low-sodium diet is crucial in managing edema in nephrotic syndrome. Sodium intake can lead to fluid retention, and reducing sodium intake helps decrease edema.

A. "Increase your protein intake to improve kidney function." B. "Limit potassium-rich foods to prevent hyperkalemia." C. "Consume a low-sodium diet to manage fluid retention." D. "Restrict fluid intake to reduce urinary output."

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Incorrect. While protein intake may need to be adjusted in nephrotic syndrome, increasing protein intake is not typically recommended, as clients may already have significant protein loss in the urine.

B. Incorrect. Limiting potassium-rich foods is not a primary dietary concern in nephrotic syndrome. Clients should consume a balanced diet unless instructed otherwise by their healthcare provider.

C. Correct. A low-sodium diet is crucial in managing fluid retention and edema in clients with nephrotic syndrome. Sodium intake contributes to fluid retention, so reducing sodium intake helps decrease edema.

D. Incorrect. Restricting fluid intake is not typically recommended in nephrotic syndrome, as it may lead to dehydration and worsen fluid imbalances due to hypoalbuminemia.

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A nurse is assessing a client with nephrotic syndrome for signs of hypoalbuminemia. What clinical manifestation should the nurse expect to observe?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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