A nurse is assessing a client with nephrotic syndrome for signs of hypoalbuminemia. What clinical manifestation should the nurse expect to observe?

Elevated blood pressure and fluid overload.

Muscle weakness and fatigue.

Hyperactivity and restlessness.

Pallor and cold extremities.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Incorrect. Elevated blood pressure and fluid overload are more indicative of fluid retention and hypertension in nephrotic syndrome, not hypoalbuminemia.

B. Correct. Hypoalbuminemia, a common feature of nephrotic syndrome, results from the loss of albumin (a protein) in the urine. Low albumin levels can lead to muscle weakness and fatigue due to decreased oncotic pressure in the blood vessels, resulting in fluid shifting from the blood vessels to the interstitial spaces.

C. Incorrect. Hyperactivity and restlessness are not typical manifestations of hypoalbuminemia and nephrotic syndrome.

D. Incorrect. Pallor and cold extremities are not directly related to hypoalbuminemia and are not specific to nephrotic syndrome.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Incorrect. Corticosteroids should be taken with food to reduce the risk of gastrointestinal side effects.

B. Incorrect. While corticosteroids may improve proteinuria over time, it is unlikely to see an immediate improvement after starting the medication.

C. Correct. Corticosteroids can suppress the immune system and increase the risk of infection, so the client should avoid crowded places and contact with individuals who are sick to minimize the risk of infections.

D. Incorrect. Corticosteroids do not specifically affect potassium levels, so there is no need for a diet high in potassium to offset potential electrolyte imbalances.

A. Hematuria and dysuria B. Polyuria and nocturia C. Frothy, foamy urine output D. Suprapubic tenderness and urgency

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Incorrect. Hematuria (blood in the urinE. and dysuria (painful urination) are not characteristic manifestations of nephrotic syndrome. Instead, they may indicate other kidney conditions or infections.

B. Incorrect. While clients with nephrotic syndrome may experience increased urine output (polyuriA. and nighttime urination (nocturiA. due to fluid imbalances, these are not the primary clinical manifestations.

C. Correct. Frothy, foamy urine output is a classic sign of nephrotic syndrome due to the presence of excessive protein (proteinuriA. in the urine. This foamy appearance is caused by the high levels of protein, mainly albumin, in the urine.

D. Incorrect. Suprapubic tenderness and urgency are not typical manifestations of nephrotic syndrome and may indicate other urinary tract or bladder issues.

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A nurse is assessing a client with nephrotic syndrome for signs of hypoalbuminemia. What clinical manifestation should the nurse expect to observe?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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