A nurse is caring for a client with nephrotic syndrome who develops abdominal distension and discomfort. What complication should the nurse suspect based on these manifestations?

Urinary tract infection (UTI) from proteinuria.

Ascites from hypoalbuminemia.

Hyperkalemia from kidney dysfunction.

Renal vein thrombosis from clot formation.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Incorrect. Abdominal distension and discomfort are not typical manifestations of a urinary tract infection, even in the presence of proteinuria.

B. Correct. Nephrotic syndrome often results in hypoalbuminemia due to significant protein loss in the urine. Hypoalbuminemia leads to decreased oncotic pressure in the blood vessels, causing fluid to leak into the peritoneal cavity and resulting in abdominal distension and discomfort, known as ascites.

C. Incorrect. Hyperkalemia may occur in chronic kidney disease, including nephrotic syndrome, but it is not directly related to abdominal distension and discomfort.

D. Incorrect. Renal vein thrombosis is a complication of nephrotic syndrome but is not typically associated with acute abdominal distension and discomfort.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Incorrect. While monitoring urine output and kidney function is important in nephrotic syndrome, it is not directly related to addressing skin breakdown.

B. Correct. Skin breakdown in clients with nephrotic syndrome can lead to an increased risk of infection. The nurse should assess the affected skin areas for signs of infection, such as redness, warmth, swelling, and drainage.

C. Incorrect. Providing pain medication may be necessary for managing discomfort, but the priority is to prevent infection and promote wound healing.

D. Incorrect. While reducing edema is important, it is not the immediate priority in managing skin breakdown and preventing infection.

A. Glomerular filtration rate and kidney function. B. The presence of glucose and ketones in the urine. C. The amount of protein excreted in the urine over 24 hours. D. The concentration of electrolytes in the urine.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Incorrect. Glomerular filtration rate and kidney function are typically assessed through blood tests, such as serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels. A 24-hour urine collection is not used to assess these parameters.

B. Incorrect. The presence of glucose and ketones in the urine is typically assessed using a urinalysis or dipstick test. A 24-hour urine collection is not used to determine glucose and ketone levels.

C. Correct. A 24-hour urine collection measures the amount of protein excreted in the urine over a 24-hour period. This test is essential in diagnosing and monitoring nephrotic syndrome, as significant proteinuria is a hallmark feature of the condition.

D. Incorrect. The concentration of electrolytes in the urine is not typically assessed through a 24-hour urine collection. Urinary electrolyte levels are more commonly evaluated through spot urine samples or blood tests.

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A nurse is caring for a client with nephrotic syndrome who develops abdominal distension and discomfort. What complication should the nurse suspect based on these manifestations?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client with nephrotic syndrome who is experiencing skin breakdown due to edema. What should the nurse prioritize in the client's care?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is assisting with a 24-hour urine collection for a client suspected of having nephrotic syndrome. What does this test assess?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A client with nephrotic syndrome is at an increased risk of infection. What measures should the nurse recommend to the client to reduce the risk of infection?

A client with nephrotic syndrome is prescribed angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE. inhibitors. What is the purpose of ACE inhibitors in managing nephrotic syndrome?

A client with nephrotic syndrome is prescribed anticoagulant therapy. What is the rationale for administering anticoagulants in nephrotic syndrome?

A client with nephrotic syndrome reports experiencing generalized edema. What is the underlying pathophysiological reason for the client's edema?

A client with nephrotic syndrome is prescribed corticosteroids as part of the treatment plan. What should the nurse include in the client's education about corticosteroid therapy?

A client with nephrotic syndrome is at increased risk of developing thromboembolic events. What is the underlying pathophysiological reason for this increased risk?

A nurse is caring for a client with nephrotic syndrome who is prescribed angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE. inhibitors. What is the purpose of ACE inhibitors in managing nephrotic syndrome?

A nurse is reviewing a client's laboratory results and notes a decreased serum albumin level. What is the significance of decreased serum albumin in diagnosing nephrotic syndrome?