A client with a history of hypertension and diabetes mellitus presents to the clinic with complaints of fatigue, difficulty breathing, and frequent urination at night. Which risk factor is most likely contributing to the client's symptoms?

Hypertension

Diabetes mellitus

Smoking history

Family history of heart disease

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A) This choice is correct. Hypertension (high blood pressure) is a significant risk factor for congestive heart failure (CHF). Prolonged hypertension can lead to the heart's increased workload, causing it to weaken over time and eventually leading to CHF. The client's symptoms of fatigue, difficulty breathing, and nocturia (frequent urination at night) are common manifestations of CHF resulting from uncontrolled hypertension.

B) This choice is incorrect because diabetes mellitus, while a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, is not directly associated with the symptoms described by the client. However, diabetes can exacerbate CHF if the client's blood glucose levels are not well-controlled.

C) This choice is incorrect because smoking history is a risk factor for various cardiovascular diseases, but it is not specifically linked to the symptoms reported by the client in this case.

D) This choice is incorrect because a family history of heart disease may increase the client's risk of developing CHF, but it does not directly contribute to the current symptoms the client is experiencing.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A) This choice is incorrect because sudden weight gain, shortness of breath, and ankle swelling are not normal with CHF and may indicate worsening of the condition. The nurse should not reassure the client but rather take appropriate action to address the symptoms.

B) This choice is incorrect because the client's symptoms suggest fluid retention, and increasing fluid intake would exacerbate the condition. The nurse should not encourage the client to increase fluid intake without consulting the healthcare provider.

C) This choice is correct. The client's sudden weight gain, shortness of breath, and ankle swelling are signs of worsening congestive heart failure. The nurse's priority action is to notify the healthcare provider immediately to address the client's worsening condition and adjust the treatment plan as needed.

D) This choice is incorrect because administering a diuretic is not within the nurse's scope of practice without a healthcare provider's order. The nurse should first notify the healthcare provider to evaluate the client's condition and determine the appropriate intervention.

A. Body mass index (BMI) of 22 kg/m² B. Blood pressure of 120/80 mmHg C. Fasting blood glucose level of 90 mg/dL D. Serum cholesterol level of 240 mg/dL

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A) This choice is incorrect because a body mass index (BMI) of 22 kg/m² is within the normal range and is not directly associated with the development of congestive heart failure in this scenario.

B) This choice is incorrect because a blood pressure of 120/80 mmHg is within the normal range and does not indicate a direct precipitating factor for congestive heart failure in this case.

C) This choice is incorrect because a fasting blood glucose level of 90 mg/dL is within the normal range and is not directly associated with the development of congestive heart failure in this scenario.

D) This choice is correct. A serum cholesterol level of 240 mg/dL indicates high cholesterol, which is a risk factor for coronary artery disease. Coronary artery disease is a leading cause of congestive heart failure and may have contributed to the client's condition.

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A client with a history of hypertension and diabetes mellitus presents to the clinic with complaints of fatigue, difficulty breathing, and frequent urination at night. Which risk factor is most likely contributing to the client's symptoms?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client with congestive heart failure who reports sudden weight gain, shortness of breath, and swelling in the ankles. What is the nurse's priority action?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client with congestive heart failure. Which assessment finding may indicate a potential precipitating factor for the client's condition?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A client with congestive heart failure is prescribed a daily dose of furosemide. The nurse should monitor the client for which potential adverse effect of this medication?

A client with congestive heart failure is prescribed digoxin. The nurse should monitor the client's:

A nurse is caring for a client with congestive heart failure who is prescribed a loop diuretic. The nurse should monitor the client for which potential electrolyte imbalance associated with this medication?

A client with congestive heart failure is prescribed digoxin. The nurse should instruct the client to:

A nurse is providing education to a client with congestive heart failure who is prescribed an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. The nurse should instruct the client to:

A client with a history of alcohol abuse and malnutrition is admitted with signs and symptoms of congestive heart failure. Which factor is likely a precipitating cause of the client's condition?

A nurse is providing education to a client with congestive heart failure about managing fluid intake. The nurse should instruct the client to:

A client with a history of hypertension and diabetes mellitus presents to the clinic with complaints of fatigue, difficulty breathing, and frequent urination at night. Which risk factor is most likely contributing to the client's symptoms?