A nurse is assessing a client's physical status before surgery. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the surgeon?

Choice A reason:

Administering an anticholinergic medication to reduce secretions is not a necessary intervention for a client who will undergo surgery. Anticholinergic medications are used to block the action of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter that stimulates the production of saliva, mucus, and other secretions. Anticholinergics can be used in certain surgical and emergency procedures to help relax the client, decrease salivation, and prevent nausea and vomiting. However, they are not routinely given to all clients who will undergo surgery, and they have side effects such as dry mouth, blurred vision, constipation, and urinary retention. Therefore, this choice is incorrect.

Choice B reason:

Applying sequential compression devices to prevent deep vein thrombosis is a correct intervention for a client who will undergo surgery. Sequential compression devices are pneumatic cuffs that inflate and deflate around the legs to improve blood circulation and prevent blood clots from forming in the deep veins of the lower extremities. Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a serious complication that can occur after surgery, especially in clients who are immobile, dehydrated, or have a history of clotting disorders. DVT can lead to pulmonary embolism, which is a life-threatening condition where a blood clot travels to the lungs and blocks the blood flow. Therefore, this choice is correct.

Choice C reason:

Shaving the surgical site with a razor to prevent infection is not a correct intervention for a client who will undergo surgery. Shaving the surgical site with a razor can cause skin irritation, abrasions, and micro-cuts that increase the risk of infection. The current recommendation is to use clippers or depilatory creams to remove hair from the surgical site if necessary. Alternatively, hair can be left intact if it does not interfere with the surgical procedure. Therefore, this choice is incorrect.

Choice D reason:

Inserting a nasogastric tube to decompress the stomach is not a routine intervention for a client who will undergo surgery. A nasogastric tube is a flexible tube that is inserted through the nose and into the stomach to remove gas, fluid, or stomach contents. Nasogastric tubes can be used in some surgical procedures to prevent nausea, vomiting, aspiration, or abdominal distension. However, they are not indicated for all types of surgery, and they have risks such as nasal bleeding, throat irritation, sinusitis, and esophageal perforation. Therefore, this choice is incorrect.

Choice A reason:

This is incorrect because the nurse should encourage the client to ask questions to the surgeon, as it may help reduce anxiety and increase understanding of the procedure.

Choice B reason:

This is correct because the nurse should suggest the client to bring some personal items, such as music or a book, to help them relax before the surgery. This can provide distraction and comfort for the client who is anxious.

Choice C reason:

This is incorrect because the nurse should not make false reassurances or promises to the client, as it may undermine trust and credibility. The nurse should explain the risks and benefits of general anesthesia and how pain will be managed after the surgery.

Choice D reason:

This is incorrect because the nurse should not focus on the negative outcomes of eating or drinking before surgery, as it may increase anxiety and fear. The nurse should explain the rationale for fasting before surgery, such as preventing aspiration and reducing nausea and vomiting.