A nurse is assessing a patient who has a puncture wound on his foot.
Which of the following findings is a manifestation of acute osteomyelitis?
Localized erythema.
Hypothermia.
Numbness of toes on the affected foot.
Bradycardia.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale
Localized erythema, or redness, around a puncture wound is a classic sign of inflammation, which is an early manifestation of acute osteomyelitis, an infection of the bone. The inflammatory response causes vasodilation and increased blood flow to the infected area.
Choice B rationale
Hypothermia, or low body temperature, is not a typical manifestation of acute osteomyelitis. Fever is more common as the body mounts a systemic response to the infection. Normal body temperature is around 98.6°F (37°C).
Choice C rationale
Numbness of the toes on the affected foot suggests nerve damage or vascular compromise, which are not typical early manifestations of acute osteomyelitis resulting from a puncture wound. Pain and tenderness are more likely localized symptoms.
Choice D rationale
Bradycardia, or a slow heart rate, is not a typical finding in acute osteomyelitis. Tachycardia (rapid heart rate) might occur due to fever and the body's stress response to infection. Normal adult heart rate ranges from 60 to 100 beats per minute. .
NGN NGN NGN
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Pruritus following scabies treatment is often due to residual irritation from the mites and the inflammatory response. Mittens can prevent scratching, which can exacerbate the itching, lead to skin breakdown, and increase the risk of secondary infections.
Choice B rationale
Rubbing the affected area, even gently, can further irritate the skin and intensify the itching sensation. This can prolong discomfort and potentially cause skin damage.
Choice C rationale
Applying additional scabicide after the prescribed treatment is completed is generally not recommended and can cause skin irritation or even systemic toxicity if overused. Pruritus after treatment is usually due to the body's reaction to dead mites and their products, not ongoing infestation.
Choice D rationale
Hot showers can dry out the skin and worsen pruritus. Warm or cool showers are generally recommended for individuals experiencing itching, as they are less likely to cause further irritation.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Decreased hemoglobin is typically associated with chronic inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis, but it is not considered an early manifestation. Anemia of chronic disease develops over time due to the effects of inflammatory cytokines on iron metabolism and erythropoiesis. Normal hemoglobin ranges for females are 12 to 15.5 g/dL and for males are 13.5 to 17.5 g/dL.
Choice B rationale
Temporomandibular joint pain can occur in rheumatoid arthritis, but it is not a specific or consistent early manifestation. While RA can affect various joints, the small joints of the hands and feet are more commonly involved in the early stages. Pain in the TMJ can also be related to other conditions.
Choice C rationale
Fatigue is a common systemic symptom in rheumatoid arthritis and can occur early in the disease process. However, fatigue is also a nonspecific symptom that can be present in many other conditions, making it less definitive as an early diagnostic indicator compared to joint involvement.
Choice D rationale
Symmetric joint swelling of the fingers, particularly the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) and proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joints, is a hallmark early manifestation of rheumatoid arthritis. The inflammation causes synovial thickening and effusion, leading to palpable swelling that affects the same joints on both sides of the body.
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