A nurse is teaching a client about strategies to manage gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Which of the following statements should the nurse include?

Choice A rationale

While laboratory testing may eventually be necessary to identify the cause of diarrhea, the immediate priority is to gather more information about the patient's condition. Jumping directly to testing without understanding the symptoms could delay appropriate initial interventions and fail to address immediate needs.

Choice B rationale

Assessing the characteristics of the stools, such as frequency, consistency, color, and any associated symptoms like abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, or fever, is crucial for determining the potential cause and severity of the diarrhea. This information guides subsequent interventions and helps differentiate between self-limiting conditions and those requiring further investigation.

Choice C rationale

Advising the use of loperamide without a proper assessment could mask underlying issues, potentially delaying appropriate treatment if the diarrhea is due to an infection or other serious condition. Antidiarrheal medications are not always indicated and should be used cautiously.

Choice D rationale

While maintaining hydration and electrolyte balance is important, especially with diarrhea, it is not the first action a nurse should take before understanding the nature of the patient's symptoms. The initial step should be to gather more information to guide appropriate advice and interventions.

Choice A rationale

Elevating the affected leg promotes venous return and lymphatic drainage, which helps to reduce swelling and inflammation associated with cellulitis. Gravity assists in the removal of excess fluid from the interstitial spaces, thereby alleviating pressure and promoting healing.

Choice B rationale

Applying fresh ice packs every 4 hours can provide some pain relief and vasoconstriction, potentially reducing inflammation in the initial stages of cellulitis. However, heat is generally preferred after the acute inflammatory phase to promote circulation and healing. Frequent, prolonged ice application might impede blood flow.

Choice C rationale

While rest is important for healing, enforcing strict bedrest for 3 days might not be necessary and could increase the risk of complications such as deep vein thrombosis. Moderate activity with elevation is usually recommended to promote circulation without exacerbating the infection.

Choice D rationale

Cellulitis is a deep infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissues, typically caused by bacteria entering through a break in the skin. Applying topical antibiotic ointment is unlikely to reach the deeper infected tissues and is not the primary treatment. Systemic antibiotics are required to treat cellulitis effectively.