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A nurse is assessing a patient who has diabetes mellitus. Which of the following findings is a manifestation of hypoglycemia?

Bradycardia

Fruity odor on the client's breath

Vomiting

Cool, clammy skin

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Bradycardia is not a typical sign of hypoglycemia; tachycardia is more common.

B. A fruity odor on the breath is a sign of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) (hyperglycemia).

C. Vomiting is more common in hyperglycemia/DKA rather than hypoglycemia.

D. Hypoglycemia presents with cool, clammy skin, sweating, confusion, and tremors due to the release of epinephrine.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Improve venous circulation and prevent VTE formation. – Incorrect. While repositioning does help with circulation, it is primarily done to prevent pressure injuries.

B. Prevent flexion and contractures of the extremities. – Incorrect. Contracture prevention is important, but passive ROM exercises are more effective for this purpose.

C. Decrease the development of a paralytic ileus. – Incorrect. Paralytic ileus is managed through bowel programs and early mobility, not repositioning alone.

D. Prevent the development of pressure ulcers. – Correct Answer. Paralyzed patients are at high risk for pressure ulcers, especially over bony prominences like the sacrum. Repositioning reduces prolonged pressure, which can lead to skin breakdown.

A. Leave the television on as a distraction. B. Limit patient physical activity. C. Provide patient supervision. D. Speak loudly to the patient.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Leave the television on as a distraction – Noise and distractions can increase anxiety and confusion in some patients.

B. Limit patient physical activity – Regular exercise is essential to maintain mobility and prevent muscle atrophy.

C. Provide patient supervision – Clients with Parkinson’s disease are at high risk for falls due to muscle rigidity and balance difficulties. Supervision ensures safety and helps prevent injuries.

D. Speak loudly to the patient – Parkinson’s does not typically cause hearing loss. Speaking clearly and slowly is more effective than speaking loudly.

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A nurse is assessing a patient who has diabetes mellitus. Which of the following findings is a manifestation of hypoglycemia?

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