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A nurse is assessing a patient's risk factors for osteoporosis.
Select all the modifiable risk factors that the nurse should address during the assessment.

Age.

Family history.

Smoking.

Sedentary lifestyle.

Gender.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : C,D

Choice A rationale:

"Age." Age is a non-modifiable risk factor for osteoporosis.

While age does influence the risk, it cannot be addressed or modified through interventions.

Choice B rationale:

"Family history." Family history is also a non-modifiable risk factor for osteoporosis.

It is influenced by genetic factors and cannot be changed through assessments or interventions.

Choice C rationale:

"Smoking." Smoking is a modifiable risk factor for osteoporosis.

Smoking can weaken bones and increase the risk of fractures.

Addressing and supporting smoking cessation is an essential part of osteoporosis prevention and management.

Choice D rationale:

"Sedentary lifestyle." A sedentary lifestyle is a modifiable risk factor for osteoporosis.

Lack of physical activity can contribute to bone loss and muscle weakness.

Encouraging physical activity and a more active lifestyle can help reduce the risk of osteoporosis.

Choice E rationale:

"Gender." Gender is a non-modifiable risk factor for osteoporosis.

Women are at a higher risk of developing osteoporosis than men due to hormonal factors, but this risk cannot be altered through assessments or interventions.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice C rationale:

Kyphosis is the medical term for the excessive outward curvature of the spine that the nurse observes in this client.

Kyphosis results in a forward rounding of the back and is often seen in older adults with osteoporosis.

When osteoporosis weakens the vertebrae, they become more prone to compression fractures, leading to the characteristic hunched posture of kyphosis.

Choice A rationale:

Scoliosis is not the correct term for the excessive outward curvature of the spine observed in this client.

Scoliosis is characterized by a lateral (side-to-side) curvature of the spine, not a forward rounding of the back.

Choice B rationale:

Lordosis is also not the correct term for the excessive outward curvature of the spine observed in this client.

Lordosis is an excessive inward curvature of the spine, typically in the lumbar (lower back) region, creating a swayback appearance.

Choice D rationale:

Osteoarthritis is unrelated to the observed spinal curvature.

Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease that primarily affects joints, not the overall curvature of the spine.

A. "You should take the medication on an empty stomach.” B. "These medications can increase bone density quickly.” C. "It's important to stay upright for at least 30 minutes after taking the medication.” D. "You may experience some gastrointestinal side effects with this medication.”

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

Taking osteoporosis medications on an empty stomach is not a standard recommendation.

In fact, some medications may need to be taken with food to reduce the risk of gastrointestinal side effects.

Choice B rationale:

The statement that these medications can increase bone density quickly is not accurate.

Osteoporosis medications typically slow down bone loss and may help increase bone density over time, but the effects are not immediate.

Choice C rationale:

The nurse should include the teaching that it's important to stay upright for at least 30 minutes after taking certain osteoporosis medications.

This helps prevent esophageal irritation and reflux as some medications can cause gastrointestinal side effects.

Choice D rationale:

Mentioning the possibility of gastrointestinal side effects with osteoporosis medications is important for client education.

Gastrointestinal side effects, such as nausea or heartburn, can occur with some osteoporosis medications, and clients should be aware of this potential.

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A nurse is assessing a patient's risk factors for osteoporosis.Select all the modifiable risk factors that the nurse should address during the assessment.

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client presents with a recent vertebral compression fracture and complains of severe back pain.The nurse performs a physical examination and observes a pronounced curvature of the spine.What is the medical term for this excessive outward curvature of the spine?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A client with osteoporosis is prescribed medication to prevent further bone loss.What should the nurse include in the client's teaching regarding medications?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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A nurse is assessing a patient's risk factors for osteoporosis.
Select all the modifiable risk factors that the nurse should address during the assessment.