A nurse is assessing a patient’s wound dressing and observes a watery red drainage. How should the nurse document this type of drainage?

Choice A rationale

Vibration of the eardrum is not directly transmitted to the eighth cranial nerve, bypassing the inner ear structures. The vibrations from the eardrum are first transmitted through the ossicles (tiny bones in the middle ear) to the cochlea in the inner ear.

Choice B rationale

Sound waves enter the ear canal, but they are not directly converted to electrical impulses. The sound waves cause the eardrum to vibrate, and these vibrations are transmitted through the ossicles to the cochlea, where they are converted into electrical signals that are sent to the brain via the eighth cranial nerve.

Choice C rationale

Vibration of the eardrum transmits through the bony ossicles to the perilymph in the inner ear, stimulating the eighth cranial nerve. This is the correct description of the process of hearing.

Choice D rationale

Sound is not transmitted directly from the eardrum to the brain. The sound-induced vibrations of the eardrum are transmitted through the ossicles to the cochlea, where they are converted into electrical signals that are sent to the brain via the eighth cranial nerve.

Choice A rationale

The stoma for a sigmoid colostomy is typically located in the lower left abdomen. This is because the sigmoid colon is a part of the large intestine that is located in the lower left quadrant of the abdomen.

Choice B rationale

A stoma should appear pink or red and moist. A purple stoma could indicate a lack of blood supply, which is a medical emergency.

Choice C rationale

A sigmoid colostomy will produce formed stool because the sigmoid colon is the last part of the colon, where water is absorbed and stool is formed.

Choice D rationale

The end of the stoma (the part that sticks out from the abdomen) should not be painful after the procedure. If a patient experiences pain, it could indicate a complication such as a blockage or infection.