A nurse is assessing an adolescent's self-esteem. Which of the following factors should the nurse identify as influencing the self-esteem of adolescents? (Select All that Apply.)
Peer relationships and social acceptance
Physical appearance and body image
Socioeconomic status and family income
Academic achievements and grades
Parental approval and family support
Correct Answer : A,B,C,D,E
A. Peer relationships and social acceptance: Adolescents place significant value on peer acceptance and friendships. Positive peer interactions can enhance self-esteem, while rejection or bullying can lower it, making social dynamics a key influencing factor.
B. Physical appearance and body image: Pubertal changes and body image concerns strongly impact adolescent self-esteem. Satisfaction or dissatisfaction with appearance can affect confidence, social interactions, and emotional well-being.
C. Socioeconomic status and family income: Socioeconomic factors influence access to resources, extracurricular activities, and social experiences. Limited financial means can affect adolescents’ sense of belonging and self-worth.
D. Academic achievements and grades: Success or difficulties in school can shape self-esteem. High academic performance can boost confidence, whereas repeated academic struggles may negatively affect an adolescent’s self-image and motivation.
E. Parental approval and family support: Family dynamics, emotional support, and parental involvement are critical for healthy self-esteem. Positive reinforcement and nurturing relationships help adolescents develop a secure sense of self.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Tay-Sachs disease is a progressive disease process with a maximum life span of 18 to 20 years: While this statement describes a serious progressive disease, it is inaccurate for Tay-Sachs, as the infantile form typically results in death much earlier, usually by 4–5 years of age, not late adolescence.
B. Having Tay-Sachs disease means their child will never be able to have children of their own: Fertility is not a central concern in the infantile form of Tay-Sachs, and this factor is not a primary contributor to caregiver grief immediately after diagnosis.
C. Having Tay-Sachs disease means their child cannot play sports due to possible heart conditions: Tay-Sachs does not primarily affect cardiac function; restrictions on activities like sports are not the main cause of caregiver distress in this context.
D. Tay-Sachs is a progressive disease in which the child usually dies before years of age: The early-onset form of Tay-Sachs leads to progressive neurodegeneration, loss of motor and cognitive function, and death typically by 4–5 years. Awareness of this prognosis is a major factor contributing to the caregivers’ grief and emotional response.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Polymerase chain reaction test: PCR testing is the preferred method for rapidly detecting Bordetella pertussis DNA. It is highly sensitive and can confirm the diagnosis early in the course of illness, allowing prompt initiation of appropriate antibiotic therapy.
B. Pulmonary function testing (PFT): PFTs assess lung function and are used for chronic respiratory conditions such as asthma, not for diagnosing acute infections like pertussis.
C. CT scan: Computed tomography is not indicated for routine diagnosis of pertussis. It is reserved for evaluating complex or severe pulmonary conditions and provides more detail than necessary for bacterial infection identification.
D. Chest x-ray: A chest x-ray may help rule out pneumonia or other complications but cannot confirm pertussis. Imaging is supportive, not diagnostic, for pertussis.
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