A nurse is assessing an older adult client who reports a sudden onset of urinary incontinence. The nurse should recognize which of the following conditions is most likely to cause incontinence in the older adult client?

Cystitis

Nephrosclerosis

Diverticulitis

Uremia

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Cystitis, or a urinary tract infection (UTI), is a common cause of sudden-onset urinary incontinence in older adults. UTIs can lead to irritation of the bladder, increasing the urgency and frequency of urination, and sometimes causing incontinence.
B. Nephrosclerosis involves the hardening of the renal arteries, which can lead to chronic kidney disease, but it is not a typical cause of sudden-onset urinary incontinence.
C. Diverticulitis affects the colon and does not directly cause urinary incontinence. It is more associated with gastrointestinal symptoms like abdominal pain and changes in bowel habits.
D. Uremia is a condition resulting from severe kidney dysfunction, leading to the accumulation of waste products in the blood, but it does not directly cause sudden-onset urinary incontinence.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. If the round, firm, moveable part is in the fundus and the long, smooth surface is on the right side, the fetal back is likely on the right side, making the fetal heart tones more audible in the right lower quadrant.
B. The right upper quadrant is less likely to have clear fetal heart tones if the fetal back is on the right side; this quadrant is typically less optimal for auscultation in this scenario.
C. Given the fetal back is on the right side, the fetal heart tones are best heard in the right lower quadrant, where the back is more prominent.
D. The left upper quadrant would not be the best place to auscultate the fetal heart tones if the fetal back is on the right side.

A. Increase in visual acuity B. Decreased systolic blood pressure C. Degeneration of joints D. Decreased cough reflex E. Decreased bladder capacity

Correct Answer is ["C","D","E"]

Explanation

A. Increase in visual acuity: This is incorrect. Visual acuity generally decreases with age due to conditions like presbyopia and cataracts.
B. Decreased systolic blood pressure: This is incorrect. Systolic blood pressure often increases with age due to arterial stiffening and other factors.
Rationale:
C. Degeneration of joints: This is a common physiologic change associated with aging, leading to conditions such as osteoarthritis.
D. Decreased cough reflex: Aging can diminish the effectiveness of the cough reflex, increasing the risk of respiratory infections and aspiration.
E. Decreased bladder capacity: Aging often results in reduced bladder capacity and increased frequency of urination.

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A nurse is assessing an older adult client who reports a sudden onset of urinary incontinence. The nurse should recognize which of the following conditions is most likely to cause incontinence in the older adult client?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Correct Answer is ["C","D","E"]

Explanation

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A nurse is assessing an older adult client who reports a sudden onset of urinary incontinence. The nurse should recognize which of the following conditions is most likely to cause incontinence in the older adult client?