A nurse is assessing the cognitive development of a preschooler. The nurse should expect the child to be in which of the following phases?

Concrete operational

Formal operational

Preoperational

Sensorimotor

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A reason: The concrete operational phase typically begins around age 7 and is characterized by the development of logical thought about concrete events. This phase is not typical for preschoolers, who are usually between the ages of 3 and 5.

Choice B reason: The formal operational phase usually starts at age 11 or older. It involves abstract thinking and the ability to systematically plan for the future, which is beyond the cognitive abilities of a preschooler.

Choice C reason: The preoperational phase occurs from ages 2 to 7. During this stage, children begin to engage in symbolic play and learn to manipulate symbols, but they do not yet understand concrete logic.

Choice D reason: The sensorimotor phase is from birth to about age 2. During this stage, infants learn about the world through their senses and actions, such as looking and touching. Preschoolers have typically moved beyond this phase.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: Avoiding raw fruits and vegetables is crucial for a child with neutropenia because these foods can harbor bacteria that may cause infection in a child with a weakened immune system. It is important to minimize the risk of infection by providing a diet that includes cooked or thoroughly washed fruits and vegetables.

Choice B reason: Administering vaccines prior to discharge may not be appropriate for a child with neutropenia, as live vaccines are contraindicated due to the risk of infection. Vaccination should be deferred until the child's immune system has recovered.

Choice C reason: Obtaining the child's rectal temperature once daily is not recommended for a child with neutropenia due to the risk of introducing bacteria into the body, which can lead to infection.

Choice D reason: Bathing the child every other day does not directly relate to the care of neutropenia. While personal hygiene is important, the frequency of bathing should be based on the child's needs and condition.

A. Hgb 12 g/dL B. Serum protein 4.2 g/dL C. BUN 15 mg/dL D. Serum sodium 144 mEq/L

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: Hemoglobin (Hgb) of 12 g/dL is within the normal range for school-age children and is not specifically indicative of nephrotic syndrome.

Choice B reason: A serum protein level of 4.2 g/dL is lower than the normal range, which is typically between 6 and 8 g/dL. This finding is consistent with nephrotic syndrome, as the condition is characterized by proteinuria and hypoalbuminemia, leading to low serum protein levels.

Choice C reason: A BUN (Blood Urea Nitrogen) level of 15 mg/dL is within the normal range for children and does not specifically indicate nephrotic syndrome. Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by protein loss, not necessarily changes in BUN levels.

Choice D reason: A serum sodium level of 144 mEq/L is within the normal range for children. While electrolyte imbalances can occur in nephrotic syndrome, this value does not specifically indicate the condition.

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A nurse is assessing the cognitive development of a preschooler. The nurse should expect the child to be in which of the following phases?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is planning care for a preschooler who has neutropenia. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is reviewing the laboratory values of a school-age child who has nephrotic syndrome. Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse expect?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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